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حساسیت به کلروز و ارتباط آن با محتوای آهن برگ در برخی ژنوتیپ‌های درخت به (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 33، شماره 2، شهریور 1396، صفحه 133-151 اصل مقاله (561.32 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/spij.2017.115543 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمید عبداللهی1؛ سمانه احمدی2 | ||
| 1مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، گروه علوم باغبانی، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از مشکلات عمده کشت و پرورش درخت به در ایران، کلروز برگی ناشی از کمبود آهن در این گیاه است. این عارضه که با کاهش بیوسنتز کلروفیل همراه است، به صورت زرد شدن برگ‌ها تظاهر پیدا کرده و سبب افت کارآئی فتوسنتزی و باردهی درخت به می‌شود. بر این اساس، تحقیق اخیر با هدف بررسی تغییرات کلروفیل برگ و ارتباط آن با میزان آهن موجود، به منظورگزینش ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل به کلروز انجام شد. در بهار و تابستان، تغییرات میزان کلروفیل برگ‌های بالائی و پائینی شاخه‌های درختان سی ژنوتیپ درخت به استان‌های اصفهان، گیلان و خراسان رضوی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج بیانگر تغییرات میانگین محتوای کلروفیل برگ‌ها در دامنه 8/3 تا 9/8 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر برگ در ماه‌های مختلف بود. بیش‌ترین میزان کلروفیل در مرداد ماه اندازه‌گیری شد و سپس کاهش تدریجی آن در اکثر ژنوتیپ‌ها اتفاق افتاد، لیکن سرعت افزایش کلروفیل b از کلروفیل a بیش‌تر بود که این روند سبب کاهش نسبت کلروفیل a به b از بالای 2 به حدود 1/1 در مرداد ماه شد. بالاترین حد تحمل به کلروز بر اساس شاخص میزان کلروفیل در دو ژنوتیپ M3 و M4 از خراسان رضوی به ترتیب با میانگین 3/7 و 7 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر برگ کلروفیل در مجموع ماه‌ها مشاهده شد. کم‌ترین میزان تحمل به کلروز در ژنوتیپ KM1 از اصفهان بود. در نهایت ارزیابی محتوای آهن برگ، ارتباطی را بین این شاخص و میزان کلروفیل کل فصل رشد و کلروفیل ماه‌های مختلف به تفکیک نشان نداد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| درخت به؛ محتوای کلروفیل؛ تحمل؛ نسبت کلروفیل a به b | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Susceptibility to Chlorosis and Its Relationship to Leaf Iron Contents in some Genotypes of Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Abdollahi1؛ S. Ahmadi2 | ||
| 1Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Research and Science Branch of Tehran, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| One of the difficulties of quince cultivation and growing in Iran is calcareous soils which cause leaf chlorosis. This phenomenon appears as leaf yellowish and causes loss of the leaf efficiency and yield of tree. The current research was conducted to evaluate the variation of leaf chlorophyll content and its relationship to the iron contents in the leaves of quince genotypes to select more tolerant ones. Thirty genotypes from Isfahan, Khorasan Razavi and Guilan provinces were evaluated for chlorophyll contents in the leaves of the upper and lower parts of the shoots. The results showed the range of 3.8 to 8.9 mgg-1 of fresh weight for total chlorophyll in the genotypes. The highest quantity of chlorophylls was in July, followed by a reduction in the chlorophyll contents of the majority of genotypes, but the rate of increase was higher for chl b, that caused diminution of chl a/b ratio from 2 and higher to about 1.1 in the mid-summer. The highest level of tolerance to the leaf chlorosis was observed in two genotypes from Khorasan Razavi, encoded as M3 and M4, while genotype KM1 from Isfahan was extremely susceptible. Evaluation of iron contents and chlorosis of the leaves of quince genotypes did not show significant correlation between these traits, not only for the chlorophyll contents of different months, but also for the mean chlorophyll contents of entire growth season. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Quince, chlorophyll content, tolerance, chlorophyll a/b ratio | ||
| مراجع | ||
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