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Developing Vaccines Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease: A Biotechnological Approach | ||
| Archives of Razi Institute | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 73، شماره 1، خرداد 2018، صفحه 1-9 اصل مقاله (307.8 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Review Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ari.2018.114054 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| A. Shahriari1؛ M. Habibi-Pirkoohi* 2 | ||
| 1Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Higher Education Center of Eghlid, Eghlid, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease of livestock with significant economic effect. It is prevalent in various regions of Asia, Africa, and South America. The causative agent of this disease is called foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), which is a member of Aphthovirus genus. Vaccination is an effective technique to prevent the complications of FMD and to eradicate the disease in contaminated regions. Attempts are being made since the 1930s to develop potent vaccines against FMD. The history of vaccination against FMD has documented various types of vaccines including inactivated viruses and empty capsids, as well as attenuated and recently developed recombinant vaccines. Although the available inactivated virus vaccines effectively prevent FMD, they have several limitations such as expensiveness, short shelf life, and short-lived protection. Therefore, it is essential to provide other types of vaccine. To reach this goal, researchers used various platforms including bacterial hosts, yeast expression system, and mammalian cell culture, as well as microalgae and higher plants to produce recombinant vaccines against FMDV. Green plants offer numerous benefits including low cost, correctly folded recombinant, and improved glycosylation patterns. This study aimed to provide a review of the current status and recent progress in the field of producing effective vaccines against FMDV entailing empty capsid, attenuated vaccines, and recombinant subunit vaccines. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of each type are described, and the biotechnological improvements of the production of anti-FMD vaccines in plant systems are discussed with prominent examples, thereby confirming the feasibility of plant species as effective bioreactors for the production of recombinant vaccines. To the best of our knowledge, traditional approaches are still the preferred methods to protect livestock against FMD. Modern approaches such as recombinant vaccine production are quite promising. However, they have to pass research and development phase and further trials before they can be registered and launched onto the relevant market. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Foot-and-mouth disease؛ Vaccines؛ Subunit؛ plants | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| واکسنهای ضد بیماری تب برفکی- رویکرد بیوتکنولوژیکی | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| امیرغفار شهریاری1؛ مازیار حبیبی پیرکوهی2 | ||
| 1گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، مرکز آموزش عالی اقلید، اقلید، ایران | ||
| 2گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| تب برفکی از بیماریهای خطرناک دامی با خسارات مالی فراوان در سراسر جهان است که همه ساله افت تولید چشمگیری در واحدهای گوشتی و شیری ایجاد می کند. این بیماری در نقاط مختلفی از جهان در آسیا، آفریقا و آمریکای جنوبی مشاهده می شود. عامل بیماری گونه ای متعلق به جنس آفتوویروسها موسوم به ویروس تب برفکی می باشد. واکسیناسیون ابزار مهمی برای کاهش اثرات مخرب و حتی ریشه کنی بیماری تب برفکی در نواحی آلوده است. واکسنهای غیر فعال شده موجود می توانند از بیماری جلوگیری کنند ولی محدودیت هایی مانند هزینه تولید بالا، زمان نگهداری پایین و طول دوره ایمنی زایی کوتاه دارند که تولید انواع دیگر واکسن را ضروری می سازد. در نتیجه تلاشهای فراوانی برای ساخت واکسن های نوترکیب علیه این بیماری به عمل آمده است. گیاهان سبز مزایایی زیادی برای تولید واکسن های نوترکیب ضد بیماری تب برفکی دارند که از جمله آنها می توان به هزینه کم، تاخوردگی دقیق آنتی ژن نوترکیب و الگو گلیکولیزاسیون مناسب اشاره کرد. در این مقاله، وضعیت فعلی و پیشرفت های اخیر در حوزه تولید واکسن های مؤثر در برابر بیماری تب برفکی از جمله واکسن های کپسید خالی، واکسن های زنده تخفیف حدت یافته و مهم تر از همه واکسن های زیرواحدی نوترکیب را مرور کرده و مزایا و معایب هر نوع واکسن را شرح خواهیم داد. پیشرفت های بیوتکنولوژیکی در زمینه تولید واکسن های ضد بیماری تب برفکی در سیستمهای گیاهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و مثالهایی در تأیید قابلیت استفاده از گیاهان به عنوان بیوراکتور تولید کننده واکسن نوترکیب ارائه خواهد شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| بیماری تب برفکی, واکسن های زیرواحدی, گیاهان | ||
| مراجع | ||
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