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تأثیر محلول‌پاشی نانو ذرات سیلیسیم بر برخی شاخص‌های مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.) در شرایط تنش فلز سنگین سرب | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 33، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 85، دی 1396، صفحه 853-870 اصل مقاله (356.1 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.114488.2068 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمیده فاطمی1؛ بهروز اسماعیل پور* 2؛ علی اشرف سلطانی طولا رود3؛ علی نعمت الله زاده4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سیلیسیم دومین عنصر فراوان در کره زمین می‌باشد که می‌تواند اثرات مضر فلزات سنگین را تخفیف دهد. به‌منظور بررسی اثر تغذیه با سطوح نانوذرات سیلیسیم بر شاخص‌های رشدی و فیزیولوژی گیاه گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.) در شرایط تنش سرب، یک آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در گلخانه دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی با رطوبت نسبی 40 تا 50% و میانگین شدت نور 434 لوکس در سال زراعی 96-1395 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل آلودگی خاک توسط محلول کلرید سرب در غلظت‌های شاهد، 500، 1000 و 1500 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم و محلول‌پاشی با نانو ذرات سیلیسم (0، 5/1 و 3 میلی‌مولار) بود. شاخص‌های مورفولوژیک مانند ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد برگ، سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک بخش هوایی و ریشه، قطر ریشه و ساقه و شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیک شامل رنگریزه‌های فتوسنتزی، نشت غشاء، محتوی آب نسبی و شاخص‌های بیوشیمیایی شامل پرولین، کربوهیدرات محلول، فنل کل و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدان اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش سرب بسیاری از صفات مورفولوژیک گیاه گشنیز مانند ارتفاع، وزن تر و خشک گیاه، قطر ریشه و ساقه را به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش داد، به‌طوری که با افزایش سطح سرب به‌ترتیب سبب کاهش 57، 50، 20، 41، 15، 42 و 25 درصدی در صفات وزن تک بوته، وزن ریشه، قطر طوقه، قطر ریشه، طول ریشه، ارتفاع گیاه، سطح برگ و درصد ماده خشک برگ شد، اما تیمار محلول‌پاشی با 3 میلی‌مولار نانوذرات سیلیسیم در بیشتر صفات مرفولوژیک موجب بهبود شرایط رشدی گیاه گشنیز در شرایط تنش گردید. به‌طوری که با افزایش غلظت سرب میزان کلروفیل a و b، کلروفیل کل، کاروتنوئید و کربوهیدرات کل کاهش یافتند اما تیمار سیلیسیم سبب افزایش میزان آنها در گیاهان تحت تنش شد، درحالی که میزان پرولین، فنل و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی با افزایش غلظت تا 1500 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم سرب به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. به‌طور کلی می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری کرد که برای گیاه گشنیز استفاده از نانو ذرات سیلیسیم می‌تواند اثرات منفی تنش سرب را تا حد قابل قبولی کاهش دهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کلروفیل؛ تنش فلزات سنگین؛ فنل؛ فلاونوئید؛ نانوذرات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of silicon nano-particle nutrition on growth and physiological characteristics of Coriandrum sativum L. under lead stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Fatemi1؛ B. Esmaielpour2؛ A.A Soltani-Toolarood3؛ A. Nematolah Zadeh4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Horticultural Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardebil, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardebil, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Soil Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardebil, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Chemistry Engineering, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardebil, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the earth crust. Silicon has been shown to ameliorate the adverse effects of heavy metals on plants. This research was aimed to investigate the effects of silicon nano-fertilizer nutrition on growth and physiological characteristics of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under lead stress. The study was conducted in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replications in the research greenhouse of Mohaghegh Ardabili University during 2016. Experimental treatments included soil contamination by PbCl2 (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg soil) and foliar spraying with silicon nano-fertilizer (0, 1.5 and 3 mM). Morphological studied traits including plant height, leaf number and area, fresh and dry weight of root and plant, root and stem diameter, physiological parameters such as photosynthetic pigments, electrolyte leakage, relative water contents, proline, carbohydrates, phenol, antioxidants were measured. Results indicated that lead stress reduced the morphological characteristics such as plant height, plant fresh and dry weight, and stem and root diameter, so that the increased content of lead led to decrease of plant dry weight, root weight, root and stem diameter, root length, plant height, leaf area and dry weight up to 57, 50, 20, 41, 15, 42 and 25%, respectively. Foliar spraying with silicon (3mM) led to improve most of morphological traits of coriander. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and carbohydrate in leaves was increased with increasing lead concentration in soil. However, silicon foliar spraying improved these traits under lead stress. Proline, phenol, flavonoid and antioxidant capacity were significantly increased with increasing concentration of lead up to 1500mg/kg. In general, it can be concluded that the use of silicon nanoparticles for coriander can reduce the negative effects of lead stress to a satisfactory level. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| chlorophyll, heavy metal stress, phenol, flavonoid, Nanoparticles | ||
| مراجع | ||
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