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اثرات تنش خشکی و کود دامی بر برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک و عملکرد .Thymus vulgaris L و Thymus daenensis Celak | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 33، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 85، دی 1396، صفحه 793-811 اصل مقاله (449.41 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.110349.2008 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدیه عسکری* 1؛ محمد علی بهدانی2؛ سهیل پارسا3؛ مجید جامی الاحمدی4؛ سهراب محمودی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور ارزیابی اثرات تنش خشکی و کود دامی بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد کمّی و کیفی دو گونه گیاه دارویی آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.) و آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis Celak) آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند در دو سال زراعی 1394 و 1395 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل سطوح رطوبتی (100، 67 و 33 درصد ظرفیت زراعی)، گونه‌های آویشن (دنایی و باغی) و کود دامی (صفر و 30 تن در هکتار) بودند. تنش خشکی در هر دو سال زراعی موجب کاهش صفات هدایت روزنه‌ای، محتوی نسبی آب، میزان کلروفیل a و b و عملکرد کمّی و کیفی گردید، ضمن آنکه میزان کاروتنوئید تحت تأثیر تنش افزایش یافت. هر چند در شرایط تنش خشکی عملکرد کمّی و کیفی در گونه‌های آویشن کاهش پیدا کرد اما کاربرد 30 تن در هکتار کود دامی باعث افزایش عملکرد کمّی و کیفی شد. همچنین در بین دو گونه مورد آزمایش، گونه آویشن دنایی محتوی نسبی آب و عملکرد کمّی و کیفی (اسانس) بیشتری را در هر دو سال زراعی نسبت به گونه آویشن باغی داشت. با توجه به این نتایج می‌توان بیان کرد که گونه آویشن دنایی می‌تواند رشد موفقیت‌آمیزی در مناطق اقلیمی خشک و نیمه‌خشک داشته باشد و برای کاشت در این مناطق توصیه می‌گردد. همچنین نتایج این آزمایش نشان‌دهنده تفاوت معنی‌دار بین دو سال زراعی بود و در سال دوم میزان عملکرد کمّی و کیفی در هر دو گونه مورد مطالعه افزایش پیدا کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آویشن (Thymus)؛ اسانس؛ کود دامی؛ هدایت روزنه‌ای | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of water stress and manure on stomatal conductance, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments and quantitative and qualitative yield of Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus daenensis Celak | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Askary1؛ M.A. Behdani2؛ S. Parsa3؛ M. Jamialahmadi4؛ S. Mahmoodi4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research was aimed to evaluate the effects of drought and manure on some physiological characteristics and yield of Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus daenensis Celak.The study was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during crop years of 2015 and 2016 at the agriculture research farm of University of Birjand, Iran. Experimental factors were including: water stress at three levels (100%, 67% and 33% of field capacity), manure at two levels (30 tons.ha-1 and no manure), and two thyme species (Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus daenensis Celak). Water stress reduced stomatal conductance, relative water content (RWC), Chl a, b and quantitative and qualitative yield; however, carotenoids content was increased under water stress. Although the quantity and quality yield of the study species decreased under water stress condition, manure application at 30 tons per ha led to the increased quantity and quality yield of both species. Thymus daenensis had more relative water content and quantity and quality yield (oil) in both crop years as compared with T. vulgaris. According to the results, T. daenensis can grow successfully in arid and semi-arid regions and could be recommended. There was a significant difference between two crop years; in the 2nd year, the quantity and quality yield (essential oil yield) of both study species increased. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Thymus, essential oil, Manure, Stomatal conductance | ||
| مراجع | ||
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