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ارزیابی اثر زئولیت بر گیاه دارویی صبرزرد (Aloe barbadensis Miller.) رشد کرده در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 33، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 84، مهر 1396، صفحه 535-551 اصل مقاله (539.08 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.107320.1835 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید حضرتی* 1؛ زین العابدین طهماسبی سروستانی2؛ امیر رضا صادقی بختوری1 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان‌شرقی، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| صبرزرد (Aloe barbadensis Miller.) یکی از مهمترین و اقتصادی‌ترین گیاهان دارویی، در بسیاری از کشورهای دنیا می‌باشد. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش کم‌آبی و کاربرد زئولیت بر کاهش اثرات تنش کم‌آبی گیاه صبرزرد آزمایشی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس انجام شد. گیاهان در سه مرحله 90، 180 و 270 روز پس از اعمال تیمارها برداشت شدند. در شدت‌های بالای تنش کم‌آبی وزن تر برگ، وزن تر ژل و رشد گیاه کاهش یافت، اما ترکیب‌های بیوشیمیایی افزایش پیدا کردند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد بیشترین تعداد برگ و پاجوش تولید شده توسط هر گیاه به‌ترتیب در رژیم آبیاری 20% و 40% تخلیه رطوبت با کاربرد 8 گرم زئولیت بدست آمد. به‌طوری که بیشترین مقدار وزن تر برگ و ژل در رژیم آبیاری 60% ظرفیت زراعی با کاربرد 8 گرم زئولیت به‌ترتیب 624.13 و 397.17 گرم، 270 روز پس از اعمال تیمارها بدست آمد. بیشترین میزان کارآیی مصرف آب در تیمار 40% ظرفیت آبیاری با کاربرد 8 گرم زئولیت و حداقل کارآیی مصرف آب در تیمار 80% ظرفیت آبیاری بدون کاربرد زئولیت حاصل شد. بیشترین و کمترین درصد آلوئین به‌ترتیب 23.48% و 10.80% در رژیم آبیاری 80% تخلیه ظرفیت زراعی و عدم کاربرد زئولیت 90 روز بعد از اعمال تیمارها و 40% تخلیه رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی با کاربرد 4 گرم زئولیت 180 روز پس از اعمال تیمارها بدست آمد. همچنین بیشترین میزان فروکتوز 234.71 و گلوکز 79.83 میلی‌گرم در هر گرم وزن خشک در تیمار 20% ظرفیت آبیاری بدون کاربرد زئولیت بدست آمد. با افزایش شدت تنش کم‌آبی تجمع پرولین در برگ‌های گیاه در مقایسه با تیمار بدون تنش افزایش پیدا کرد و بیشترین میزان در تیمار 40% رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی بدون کاربرد زئولیت 90 روز پس از اعمال تیمارها بدست آمد. بنابراین از نتایج این آزمایش می‌توان استنباط کرد که استفاده از زئولیت می‌تواند با افزایش ظرفیت نگهداری رطوبت خاک باعث بهبود رشد و عملکرد گیاه شده و اثرات منفی تنش کم‌آبی را در گیاه صبرزرد کاهش دهد. همچنین تحت تنش کم‌آبی در سطوح معین با تنظیم فشار اسمزی، منجر به افزایش کارآیی مصرف آب و ترکیب‌های بیوشیمیایی در این گیاه شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آلوئین؛ صبرزرد (Aloe barbadensis Miller.)؛ زئولیت؛ تنش کم‌آبی؛ عملکرد؛ ترکیب‌های بیوشیمیایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of zeolite on Aloe barbadensis Miller. grown under water stress conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Hazrati1؛ Z. Tahmasebi Sarvestani22؛ A.R. Sadeghi Bakhtoori1 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Madani University of East Azarbayjan, Tabriz, Iran | ||
| 2Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modaress University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Aloe barbadensis Miller. is one of the most economically important medicinal plants in many countries of the world. This investigation aimed at evaluating the effects of water stress and zeolite on growth, yield and chemical compositions of A. barbadensis. The study was conducted in the research greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University. The plants were harvested 90, 180 and 270 days after imposing the treatments. Water deficit stress decreased growth, leaf fresh and gel fresh weight and increased biochemical compounds. The results showed that the greatest number of new leaves and pup were produced by the plants irrigated 20% and 40% FC with 8 g zeolite, respectively. Generally, the highest leaf fresh and gel fresh weight were observed 270 days after imposing the treatments when plants were irrigated after depleting 40% of the FC and amendment with 8 g zeolite (624.13 and 397.17 g), respectively. The water use efficiency increased with less water and more zeolite availability. The highest water use efficiency of leaf and gel was obtained from the plants irrigated after depleting 60% of field capacity and treated with 8 g zeolite. In addition, the results indicated that the maximum aloin concentration (23.48%) and proline accumulation (0.85 (mg [g FW]-1) were obtained 90 days after imposing the treatments when the plants were irrigated after depleting 80% and 60% of FC where no zeolite was applied, respectively. Irrigation after 80% depletion of FC without zeolite application resulted in the highest fructose and glucose content, respectively (234.71 and 79.83 mg g DW−1). In general, application of zeolite could alleviate water stress adverse effects, and improved plant growth and yield. Severe water stress decreased leaf yield and plant growth, while caused an increase in biochemical compounds. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aloin, Aloe barbadensis Miller, Zeolite, Water deficit, yield, biochemical compounds | ||
| مراجع | ||
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