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بررسی وضعیت موجود و تعیین شاخص های مکانیزاسیون برنج (مطالعه موردی در استان مازندران) | ||
| تحقیقات سامانه‌ها و مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 19، شماره 70، شهریور 1397، صفحه 25-40 اصل مقاله (832.4 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/erams.2017.106975.1114 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عادل واحدی* 1؛ محمد یونسی الموتی2؛ احمد شریفی مالواجردی3 | ||
| 1استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار پژوهش موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| نیل به خودکفایی محصول برنج در کشور جز با بررسی وضعیت موجود مکانیزاسیون برنج مقدور نیست. این تحقیق به منظور تعیین وضعیت موجود مکانیزاسیون برنج و ارائۀ راهکارهای لازم برای بهبود آن انجام شد تا امکان خودکفایی در تولید این محصول استراتژیک فراهم آید. داده ها با تکمیل پرسشنامه، مراجعه به منابع آماری موجود، و بررسی های میدانی جمع آوری شد. با استفاده از اطلاعات به‌دست آمده، درجه مکانیزاسیون، سطح مکانیزاسیون، ظرفیت مکانیزاسیون، بازده اقتصادی مکانیزاسیون، بازده مزرعه‌ای ماشین، توان اجرایی بالقوۀ ماشینی، روزها و ساعات کاری، و ضریب بهره‌وری ماشین محاسبه شد. نتایج به دست آمده از این مطالعه نشان می دهد که درجه مکانیزاسیون خاک ورزی اولیه و ثانویه در استان مازندران 7/99 و 3/99 درصد، کاشت با نشاکار 69/22 درصد، و برداشت مکانیزه برنج با دروگر و کمباین برنج 8/72 درصد است. کمترین درجه مکانیزاسیون تولید برنج برای وجین 8 درصد به‌دست آمد. سطح مکانیزاسیون محاسبه شده برای برنج‌کاری در استان مازندران 63/2 اسب بخار بر هکتار محاسبه شد. میانگین بازده اقتصادی مکانیزاسیون تولید برنج در استان مازندران 87/1 تن بر اسب بخار و متوسط ظرفیت مکانیزاسیون برنج استان 235 اسب بخار- ساعت بر هکتار تعیین شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بازده مزرعه ای؛ برنج؛ شاخص های مکانیزاسیون؛ مازندران | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Assessment of Current Status and Determination of Rice Mechanization Indices (Case Study in Mazandaran Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Adel Vahedi1؛ M. Younasi-Alamouti2؛ Ahmad Sharifi Malvajerdi3 | ||
| 1Assistant professor in Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3, Associate professor in Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Rice with the cultivation area of more than 565 thousand hectares and production amount of 2.45 million tons is the second most important crop after wheat in Iran. Most of cultivated area is also located in Mazandaran and Guilan province. It is clear that reaching to self-sufficiency in rice production is not possible without assessment of current status of rice mechanization. Therefore present study was conducted to determine current status of rice mechanization and propose needed solutions to improve it. Data were gathered by completing questionnaire and by reviewing the literature and field surveying. In view of information obtaeined; degree of mechanization, level of mechanization, capacity of mechanization, economic efficiency of mechanization, field efficiency of machine, potential ability of machine, working hours and days and productivity coefficient of machine were calculated. The results showed that degree of mechanization of primary tillage and secondary tillage was 99.7 and 99.3%, planting operation with transplanter was 22.69% and harvesting operation with mower and combine was 72.8 %. The lowest degree of mechanization of rice production was obtained for mechanical weeding with the value of 8%. The level of mechanization was calculated 2.63 hp/ha. Mean economic efficiency of mechanization and capacity of mechanization of rice was found to be 1.87 ton/ha and 235 hp.hr/ha, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Mechanization Indices, rice, Field Efficiency, Mazandaran | ||
| مراجع | ||
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