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تاثیر شکل هندسی شیاربازکن بر بانک بذر علف های هرز | ||
| تحقیقات سامانه‌ها و مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 18، شماره 69، اسفند 1396، صفحه 19-30 اصل مقاله (805.18 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/erams.2017.106550.1101 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی اکبر صلح جو* 1؛ محمد رضا جمالی2؛ لادن جوکار3 | ||
| 1استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زرقان، ایران | ||
| 2عضو هیئت علمی بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس ،سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز | ||
| 3بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس ،سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کنترل مکانیکی علفهای هرز در مزرعه میتواند مشکلات زیست‌محیطی ناشی از کاربرد علف‌کش‌ها و هزینه‌های ناشی از مصرف آنها را کاهش دهد. برای تعیین تأثیر شکل هندسی شیاربازکن‌ها بر بانک بذر علفهای هرز، این پژوهش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار و چهار تکرار در زرقان استان فارس اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل شیاربازکن کج ساق، شیاربازکن تیغه‌باریک با زاویۀ تمایل 53 و 90 درجه، شیاربازکن دیسکی،پنجه غازی، و گاوآهن برگرداندار (شاهد) بود. در این تحقیق عمق قرارگیری علفهای هرز اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج بررسی ها نشان می دهد که شکل هندسی شیاربازکن بر جابهجایی بذر علفهای هرز مؤثر است. شیاربازکن کج‌ساق بهترتیب با 7/26 و 4/7 درصد بیشترین و کمترین درصد بذر علفهای هرز در لایة سطحی و عمقی خاک را دارد. در حالیکه گاوآهن برگرداندار با 7/12 و 8/14 درصد کمترین و بیشترین درصد توزیع بذر علفهای هرز را در لایه سطحی و عمقی خاک بهخود اختصاص داد. این نشان میدهد که شیاربازکن کج‌ساق میتواند با کاهش جابهجایی عمودی بذر علفهای هرز در خاک و همچنین کاهش انتقال بذرهای قرار گرفته در سطح خاک به عمق خاک موجب کاهش بانک بذر در درازمدت شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بانک بذر؛ خاک ورزی؛ شیاربازکن؛ علف های هرز؛ کج‌ساق | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Opener geometry effect on weed seed bank | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Akbar Solh-Jou1؛ Mohammad Reza Jamali2؛ Ladan Joukar3 | ||
| 2Plant Protection Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran | ||
| 3Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Mechanical weed control in field can reduce the environmental issues due to using herbicides and the cost of them. This study was a conducted in the form of randomized complete block experimental design with six treatments and four replications in Zarghan of Fars Province to determine the effect of opener geometry on weed seeds bank. Treatments were bent leg opener, narrow point opener with rake angles of 53° and 90°, sweep opener, disc opener and moldboard plow (control). In this project, weed seeds bank and weed seeds location in soil was studied. Results indicated that opener geometry affected on weed seeds translocation. The bent leg opener had the highest and the lowest weed seeds percentage in the soil surface and deeper layers with 26.7% and 7.4%, respectively. However, moldboard plow had the lowest and the highest weed seeds percentage in the soil surface and deeper layers with 12.7% and 14.8%, respectively. This is show that the bent leg opener reduced vertical displacement of weed seeds in soil and also reduced weed seeds translocation from surface to depth of soil. Therefore, the bent leg opener can reduce weed seeds bank in the long time. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Bent leg, Opener, Seed bank, Tillage, Weed seeds | ||
| مراجع | ||
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