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تاثیر تراکم و سنین مختلف پورگی شته Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae)بر دوره رشدی و میزان تغذیه لارو مگس Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae) در شرایط گلخانه | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 37، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 69، شهریور 1396، صفحه 249-261 اصل مقاله (206.67 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، انگلیسی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا حسین زاده؛ احد صحراگرد* ؛ آرش زیبایی | ||
| گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بدیهی است چندین حشره شتهخوار مانند شکارگرها و پارازیتوئیدها پاسخ مثبتی به گیاهان آلوده به شته نشان میدهند. در این مطالعه اثر تراکمهای مختلف (40، 60، 80 و 100) و سنین پورگی (1، 2، 3 و 4) شتهیAphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) به عنوان طعمه، بر دوره‌های رشدی و نرخ تغذیهی لارو مگس شتهخوار سیرفیده Episyrphus balteatus DeGeer (Diptera: Syrphidae)، روی برگهای گیاه خیار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش در شرایط گلخانهای (5 ±22 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 10 ±55 درصد و دوره نوری 14 ساعت روشنایی و 10 ساعت تاریکی) با 10 تکرار انجام شد. تراکمهای مختلف طعمه اثر قابل توجهی بر میزان تغذیه شکارگر داشتند. مطالعه ما نشان داد که تراکم کم تر و کیفیت پایین طعمه، موجب تلفات زیاد لاروهای شکارگر میشود. از سوی دیگر، نشان داده شد که تغذیه از سنین پورگی بالاتر (3 و 4) و تراکم بالاتر شکار (80 و 100 شکار در روز) باعث کوتاهتر شدن دوره رشد مگس E. balteatus شد. لاروهای تغذیه کرده از تراکمهای 40 و 60 شکار، با وجود تغذیه از پورههای سنین بالاتر، موفق به تکمیل دوره لاروی خود نشدند. نتیجهگیری شد که تراکمهای بالاتر (80 و 100 طعمه) برای رشد لاروهای شکارگر بسیار مناسب بوده و طول دوره رشد لارو مگس E. balteatusرا به طور معنیداری کاهش میدهند. این یافته‌ها، شواهد بیش‌تری را ارائه داد که مگس E. balteatus ظرفیت بالایی در شکار شتهها داشته و در نتیجه میتواند به عنوان یک عامل بیوکنترل برای شته A. gossypii مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Episyrphus balteatus؛ Aphis gossypii؛ نرخ شکارگری؛ سنین پورگی؛ کنترل زیستی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Influence of different densities and nymphal instars of Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on developmental time and feeding rate of larvae of Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae) under greenhouse conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Z. Hosseinzadeh؛ A. Sahragard؛ A. Zibaee | ||
| Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Several aphidophagous insects such as predators and parasitoids are known to respond positively to aphid infested plants. This study was intended to evaluate the effect of different densities (40, 60, 80, 100) and nymphal instars (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th) of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as prey on developmental time and feeding rate of the larvae of the syrphid fly Episyrphus balteatus DeGeer on cucumber leaves. The experiment was conducted at the greenhouse condition (22± 5°C, 55± 10% RH and 14L: 10 D h photoperiod) with 10 replications. Our study indicated that lower density and poor quality of prey caused higher larval mortality. Feeding on 3rd and 4th nymphal instars and higher density of prey (80 and 100 prey/day) caused shorter developmental time of E. balteatus. The larvae fed on densities of 40 and 60 prey, even though fed on higher nymphal instars, failed to complete their larval development. It is concluded that higher prey densities (80 and 100 prey) were highly suitable for predator's larval development and significantly reduced the developmental period of E. balteatus. These findings provide further evidence that E. balteatus has high predation capacity on aphids, and therefore can be used as a successful biocontrol agent against A. gossypii. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aphis gossypii, Episyrphus balteatus, predation rate, nymphal instars, biological contr | ||
| مراجع | ||
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