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ارزیابی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی برخی ژنوتیپ‌های گردو در استان کرمانشاه | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 32، شماره 4، بهمن 1395، صفحه 437-459 اصل مقاله (327.21 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/spij.2017.113082 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زینب شفائی1؛ کاظم ارزانی* 2 | ||
| 1به ترتیب دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد ، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ترتیب مدرس، تهران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ترتیب مدرس، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ایران به عنوان یکی از مراکز اصلی تنوع و کشت گردو در دنیا شناخته شده است که این تنوع می‌تواند در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی مورد توجه قرار گیرد. یکی از روش‌های به‌نژادی در این زمینه، شناسایی و گزینش ژنوتیپ‌های امیدبخش گردو است، به همین منظور پژوهشی در سال‌های 1392 تا 1394 در دو منطقه از استان کرمانشاه انجام شد. در این پژوهش برخی صفات فنولوژیکی و پومولوژیکی 59 ژنوتیپ بر اساس توصیف‌نامه‌های UPOV و IBPGR اندازه‌گیری شد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه میانگین وزن دانه، وزن مغز و درصد مغز به ترتیب 35/22 – 31/9 گرم، 20/11 – 34/4 گرم و 29/68 – 91/36 درصد بود. بیشترین درصد مغز (28/68) متعلق به ژنوتیپ Kh86 بود. ژنوتیپ Kh65 بیشترین وزن دانه (35/22 گرم) و وزن مغز (20/11 گرم) را داشت. ژنوتیپ Kh110 به ترتیب با 25 و 21 روز تأخیر در برگ‌دهی نسبت به استاندارد مرجع در سال اول و دوم، دیربرگده‌ترین ژنوتیپ ارزیابی شد. ژنوتیپ‌های Kh128 و Ks33 بیشترین درصد هموگامی (100%) را داشتند. تجزیه خوشه‌ای، 59 ژنوتیپ مورد بررسی را در پنج خوشه گروه‌بندی کرد. در نهایت ژنوتیپ‌های Kh86، Kh70، Kh69، Kh65، Ks42، Kh87، Ks39، Ks35، Kh88، Kh110، Kh127، Kh128، Kh134، Kh146، Kh149، Kh150، Kh153 و Ks29 که از نظر خصوصیات میوه و مغز برتر بودند، به عنوان ژنوتیپ‌های امیدبخش شناسائی شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گردو؛ ژنوتیپ امیدبخش؛ صفات پومولوژیکی؛ صفات فنولوژیکی؛ تجزیه کلاستر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of some Walnut Genotypes in Kermanshah Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Z. Shafaei1؛ K. Arzani2 | ||
| 1Former MSc. Student , respectively, Department of Horticultiral Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, respectively, Department of Horticultiral Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Iran is known as one of the main centers of diversity and cultivation of walnut in the world. This diversity can be considered in breeding programs. In a walnut breeding program, identification and selection of superior genotypes is an important task. This research was conducted to identify superior genotypes within the walnut populations grown in some parts of Kermanshah province during 2013-2015. Some phenological and pomological traits of 59 walnut genotypes were evaluated according to UPOV and IBPGR descriptors. Based on the obtained results, the average nut weight, kernel weight and kernel percentage were 9.31-22.35g, 4.34-11.20g and 36.91-68.29%, respectively. The highest kernel percentage (68.28) belonged to genotype Kh86. Genotype Kh65 had the highest nut weight (22.35g) and kernel weight (11.20g). Genotype Kh110 with 25 days delay in leafing in compare to the reference standard, was considered as a late leafing genotype. Genotypes Ks33 and Kh128 showed the highest percentage of homogamy (100%). The 59 studied genotypes were classified in to five clusters by cluster analysis. Finally, genotypes Kh153, Kh150, Kh149, Kh146, Kh134, Kh128, Kh127, Kh110, Kh88, Kh87, Kh86, Kh70, Kh69 Kh65, Ks42, Ks39, Ks35 and Ks29, that had better characteristics of nut and kernel, were recognized as promising genotypes. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| walnut, promising genotypes, pomological traits, phonological traits, cluster analysis | ||
| مراجع | ||
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