| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,139 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,918 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,383,614 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,276,982 |
اثر اندازه بذر بر کاهش اثر سوء تنش خشکی در مراحل مختلف رشد ژنوتیپهای نخود سفید (Cicer arietinum L.) | ||
| به زراعی نهال و بذر | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 32، شماره 2، آذر 1395، صفحه 121-140 اصل مقاله (326.24 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/sppj.2016.113075 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| داود صادقزاده اهری | ||
| مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مراغه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این بررسی در دو آزمایش در شرایط مزرعه (گیاه کامل) و آزمایشگاه (مرحله گیاهچهای) در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم مراغه انجام شد. در آزمایش مزرعهای که به صورت کرتهای دوبار خردشده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی و به مدت سه سال زراعی(92-1389)انجام شد، سطوح تنش خشکی شامل یکبار آبیاری بلافاصله پس از کاشت، دوبار آبیاری (زمان کاشت + مرحله گلدهی) و سه بار آبیاری (زمان کاشت + مرحله گلدهی + مرحله پر شدن غلافها) در کرتهای اصلی، ژنوتیپها (ارقام آرمان، آزاد، ILC 482 و یک توده بومی ترکیه) در کرتهای فرعی و اندازه بذر (درشت، متوسط و ریز به ترتیب با قطر بیش از 8، 8 تا 6 و کمتر از 6 میلیمتر) در کرتهای فرعی- فرعی قرار گرفتند. آزمایش مرحله گیاهچهای به صورت فاکتوریل با سه عامل و ژنوتیپ، اندازه بذر و سطوح تنش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و با سه تکرار انجام شد. دو عامل ژنوتیپ و اندازه بذر مانند آزمایش مزرعهای بودند و عامل تنش خشکی در پنج سطح (صفر به عنوان شاهد، 2/0- ، 4/0- ،6/0- و 8/0- بار با استفاده از PEG6000) بود. برای ارزیابی تحمل خشکی از شاخصهای STI، MP و GMP استفاده شد. تجزیه واریانس مرکب دادهها در آزمایش مزرعهای نشان داد که اندازه بذر بر عملکرد دانه و عملکرد زیست توده آفتاب خشک از نظر آماری اثر معنیداری نداشت ولی بیشترین عملکرد دانه متعلق به بذرهایی با اندازه متوسط و درشت (به ترتیب 901 و 900کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. نتایج آزمایش مرحله گیاهچهای نشان داد که بیشترین مقادیر وزن تر و خشک گیاهچه متعلق به بذرهای درشت بود. جمعبندی نتایج در هر دو شرایط آزمایشی نشان داد که رقم آزاد و لاین ILC 482 متحملترین ژنوتیپ به تنش خشکی بودند. بین اندازه بذر و عملکرد در شرایط تنش در هر دو مرحله گیاه کامل و گیاهچهای همبستگی مثبت و معنیداری وجود داشت (به ترتیب r = 0.979 وr = 0.998). با توجه به نتایج این بررسی، انتخاب ژنوتیپ و اندازه بذر مناسب به منظور کاهش اثر سوء تنش خشکی در کشت نخود دیم قابل توصیه است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| نخود تیپ کابلی؛ مرحله گیاهچهای؛ مرحله گیاه کامل؛ پلی اتیلن گلایکول؛ شاخصهای تحمل به تنش | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Seed Size on Mitigating Adverse Effect of Drought Stress at Different Growth Stages of Kabuli Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| D. Sadeghzadeh Ahari | ||
| Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was carried out in laboratory and field in Maragheh Dryland Agricultural Research Station. The field experiment was in split-split plots based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications performed for three cropping seasons (2010-2013). Drought stress levels as main plots were one time irrigation (immediately after planting), two times (after planting+ flowering) and three times (after planting + flowering time + pods filling), four chickpea genotypes (Arman, Azad, ILC 482 and a landrace from Turkey) were in sub plots and three seed sizes (large with > 8 mm, medium with 6-8 mm and small with < 6 mm in diameters) were in sub-sub plots. Laboratory experiment (seedling stage) was carried out in factorial based on RCBD with three replications and three factors in which, genotypes and seed sizes treatments were similar to those of field experiment but drought (induced by PEG 6000) was in five levels (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 bar). Drought tolerance was evaluated by different stress tolerance indices (STI, MP and GMP). Results of combined analysis on data of field experiment showed that seed size had not significant effect on seed yield and dry biomass yield, but the highest seed yield was obtained from medium and large seed size treatments (901 and 900 kgha-1, respectively). In laboratory experiment, the highest seedling fresh and dry weight belonged to large seeds. As a conclusion, in both experiments Azad and ILC 482 were more tolerant genotypes to drought stress. Correlation coefficients between seed size and yield under stress in both seedling and adult stages were significant and positive (r = 0.998 and r = 0.979, respectively). Based on the results of this study, selection of suitable genotype and seed size can be recommended for mitigating adverse effects of drought in dryland chickpea cultivation. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Kabuli type chickpea, seedling stage, adult plant stage, Polyethylene Glycol, stress tolerance indices | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Al-Karaki, G. N. 1998. Seed size and water potential effects on water uptake, germination and growth of lentil. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 181: 237-242 Anonymous 2000. Statistical Information of Agricultural Crops Production in Iran. Department of Statistics, Ministry of Jihad-e-Keshavarzi, Tehran, Iran.Vol. 1, pp. 1-75 (in Persian). Anonymous 2012. Statistical Information of Agricultural Crops Production in Iran. Department of Statistics, Ministry of Jihad-e-Keshavarzi, Tehran, Iran. Vol. 1, pp. 1-50 (in Persian). Anonymous 2015. Statistical Information of Agricultural Crops Production in Iran. Department of Statistics. Ministry of Jihad-e-Keshavarzi, Tehran, Iran. Vol. 1, pp. 1-44 (in Persian). Burnett, S., Van-Iersel, M., and Thomas, P. 2005. PEG8000 alters morphology and nutrient concentration of hydroponic impatiens. HortScience 40 (6): 1768-1772. Choi, W., Kang, S., Park, H., Kim, S., Lee, K., Shin, H., and Choi, S. 2000. Effect of water stress by PEG on growth and physiological traits in rice seedlings. Korean Journal of Crop Science 45: 112-117. Farzaneh, S., Sharifi, R. S., and Akram Ghaderi, F. 2008. Study on effect of drought stress on germination and growth of sugar beet seedlings under laboratory condition. Journal of Agricultural Science 18 (2): 81-93 (in Persian). Fernandez, G. C. J. 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. Pp. 257-270. In: Kuo, C. G. (ed.) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Adaptation of Vegetable and other Food Crops in Temperature and Water Stress. AVRDC publications, Tainan, Taiwan. Gaffari, A. A. 2008. Methods for Increasing Crops Production under Rainfed Condition in Country. Agricultural Education Press, Karaj, Iran. 90 pp. (in Persian). Gupta, A. K., Singh, J., Kaur, N., and Singh, R. 1993. Effect of polyethylene glycol induced water stress on uptake inter conversion and transport of sugars in chickpea seedlings. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 31: 743-747. Jamshidi Moghadam, M., Pakniat, H., and Farshadfar, E. E. 2007. Evaluation of drought tolerance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) lines using agro-physiologic characteristics. Seed and Plant. 23 (3): 325-342 (in Persian).
Kaya, M., Kaya, G., Kaya, M. D., Atak, M., Saglam, S., Khawar, K. M., and Ciftci, C. Y. 2008. Interaction between seed size and NaCl on germination and early seedling growth of some Turkish cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Zhejiang University Science 9: 371-377. Khanghaei, L., Nabavi Kalat, M., and Raeisi, A. 2012. Study of seed size effect on chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) germination parameters. Journal of Seed Science Technology 2 (2): 45-51 (in Persian). Malhotra, R. S., and Saxena, M. C. 2002. Strategies for Overcoming Drought Stress in Chickpea. ICARDA. Publications, Aleppo, Syria. Michel, B. E., and Kaufman, M. R. 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology 51: 914-916. Mirshekarnezhad, B., Abbas Akbari, G., Ali Akbari, G., and Sadeghi, H. 2013. Affiliation of seed size with germination aspects and morphological traits in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Journal of Cereals and Oilseeds 4 (5): 58-64. Moaveni, P., and Changizi, M. 2007. Principles of crop physiology under saline and dry condition. Islamic Azad University of Arak Press, Arak, Iran (in Persian). Morrison, M. J., and Xue, A. G. 2007. The influence of seed size on soybean yield in short-season region. Canadian Journal of Plant Sciences 87: 89-91. Mut, Z., and Akay, H. 2010. Effect of seed size and drought stress on germination and seedling growth of naked oat (Avena sativa L.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 16: 459-467. Okcu, G., Kaya, M. D., and Atak, M. 2005. Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum arietinum L.). Turkian Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 29: 237-242. Pekoen, E., Pekoen, A., Bozolu, H., and Gulumser, A. 2004. Some seed traits and their relationships to seed germination and field emergence in Pisum sativum L. Journal of Agriculture 3: 243-246. Perry, D. A. 1980. Seed vigor and seedling establishment. Advances in Research and Technology of Seeds 5: 25-40. Pour Yamchi, H. M. A., Bihamta, M. R., Peighambari, S. A., and Naghvi, M. R. 2011. Evaluation of drought tolerance in Kabuli type chickpea genotypes. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 27-1 (3): 393-409 (in Persian). Rezapour, R., Kazemi-arbat, H., Yarnia, M., and Zafarani-Moattar, P. 2013. Effect of seed size on germination and seed vigor of two soybean (Glycin max L.) cultivars.International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 4(11): 3396-3401. Rosielle, A. A, and Hamblin, J. 1981. Theoritical aspect of selection for yield in stress and non-stress environments. Crop Science 21: 943-946. Royo, C., Ramdani, A., Moragues, M., and Villegas, D. 2006. Durum wheat under Mediterranean conditions as affected by seed size. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 192: 257-266. Sadeghian, S. Y., and Yavari, N. 2004. Effect of water deficit stress on germination and early seedling growth in sugar beet. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 190 (2): 138-144. Sadeghzadeh-Ahari, D., and Farayedi, Y. 2013. Response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) advanced lines to no snow cover cold in fall planting. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 29-1 (4): 711-727 (in Persian). Sapra, V. T., Sarage, E., Anaele, A. O., and Beyl, C. A .1991. Varieties differences of wheat and triticale to water stress. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 167: 23-28. Saxena, N. P., Narayanan, A., and Sheldrake, A. R. 1981. Effect of seed grading on the yields of chickpea and pigeon pea. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science 51 (10): 99-102. Seyedi, S. J., Nabipour, A. R., and Vazan, S. 2013. Defining selection indices for drought tolerance in chickpea under terminal drought stresses. Journal of Crop Breeding 5(11): 98-114 (in Persian). Shirin, M., and Heydari, M. 2007. Seed size and salt interactions on mung bean germination. page 69. In: Proceedings of the Second Iranian National Pulse Congress, Islamic Azad University Press, Tehran, Iran (in Persian). Singh, J. N., Tripathi, S. K., and Negi, P. S. 1972. Note on the effect of seed size on germination, growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Science 42(1): 83-86. Singh, N. I., Ali, S., and Chauhan, J. S. 2009. Effect of seed size on quality within seed lot of pea and correlation of standard germination, vigour with field emergence test. Nature and Science 7 (4): 72-78. Stougaard, R. N., and Xue, Q. 2004. Spring wheat seed size and seeding rate effects on yield loss due to wild oat (Avena fatua) interference. Weed Science 52: 133-141. Tuba Bicher, B. 2009. The effect of seed size on yield and yield components of chickpea and lentil. African Journal of Biotechnology 8 (8): 1482-1487. Upadhyaya, H., Kumar, S., Gowda, C., and Singh, S. 2006. Two major genes for seed size in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Euphytica 147 (3): 311-315. Zareian, A., Heidari Sharifabad, H., Yari, L., and Oskooei, B. 2013. Effect of seed size on some germination characteristics, seedling emergence percentage and yield of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in laboratory and field. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 13 (8): 1126-1131 . | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 626 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 498 |
||