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تعیین خود و دگر(نا) سازگاری برخی ارقام گلابی آسیایی (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) و گلابی‌های اروپایی(P. communis L.) بومی ایران | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 32، شماره 3، آذر 1395، صفحه 383-400 اصل مقاله (1.21 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/spij.2016.113065 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عبدالطیف شیخی1؛ کاظم ارزانی* 1؛ محمود کوشش‌صبا2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ترتیب مدرس، تهران | ||
| 2گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| برای تعیین خود(نا)سازگاری و دگر‌ناسازگاری ارقام گلابی آسیایی و اروپایی موجود در ایران، در این تحقیق طی دو آزمایش جداگانه نه رقم گلابی آسیایی و دو رقم گلابی اروپایی بومی ایران در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی به مدت دو سال (1391 و 1392) در باغ کلکسیون دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. از روش‌های خود و دگر‌گرده‌‌افشانی‌های کنترل شده در مزرعه و به دنبال آن بررسی رشد لوله‌های گرده در طول خامه با میکروسکوپ فلوئورسنس استفاده شد. درصد تشکیل میوه در 15، 35 و 75 روز بعد از تمام گل شمارش و محاسبه شد. برای بررسی چگونگی رشد لوله گرده، تعدادی گل 48، 72، 96 و 120 ساعت پس از گرده‌افشانی برداشت و در محلول فیکساتور اف. ای. ای. (FAA) تثبیت شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در آزمایش خودگرده‌افشانی در شمارش نهایی بیش‌ترین میزان تشکیل میوه مربوط به رقم KS9 (85/7 درصد) و کم‌ترین میزان مربوط به رقم سبری (صفر درصد) بود. نتایج حاصل از گرده‌افشانی‌های کنترل شده نشان داد که ارقام سبری، شاه‌میوه، KS7 و KS13 خودناسازگار و سایر ارقام مورد بررسی خودسازگار هستند. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که ارقام KS6، KS12 و KS13 با یک‌دیگر سازگار هستند، زیرا در تلاقی‌های این ارقام با یک‌دیگر درصد تشکیل میوه در شمارش نهایی بیشتر از 98/8 بود و لوله‌های گرده حداکثر تا 96 ساعت پس از گرده‌افشانی به انتهای خامه و تخمک رسیدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گلابی آسیایی؛ خودناسازگاری گامتوفیتی؛ گرده‌افشانی کنترل شده؛ میکروسکوپ فلوئورسنس؛ رشد لوله گرده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determination of Self and Cross-(In) Compatibility of some Asian Pear (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) and European Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Cultivars Native to Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Sheiki1؛ A. Arzani1؛ M. Kousheshsaba2 | ||
| 1Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2College of Agriculture, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to determine the self and cross-(in)-compatibility of nine Asian pear and two European pear cultivars native to Iran, two experiments were conducted based on complete randomized block design in two consecutive years (2012-2013). This study was performed in the experimental pear orchard in the Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran. Controlled pollination method was used in orchard and then pollen tube growth analysis by fluorescence microscopy was studied. Fruit set percentage was calculated 15, 35 and 75 days after full bloom. Pollinated flowers were picked 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after pollination, fixed in FAA solution and stored at 4 ˚C until microscopic studies. Results showed that ‘KS9’ had the highest and ‘Sebri’ the lowest fruit set (7.85 and 0 % respectively). Results of controlled pollinations showed that the cultivars ‘Shahmiveh’, ‘Sebri’, ‘KS13’ and ‘KS7’ were self-incompatible and others were self-compatible.It can be concluded that cultivars ‘KS6’, ‘KS12’ and ‘KS13’ are cross-compatible, because their pollen tubes reached the ovaries 96h after pollination and the final fruit set was more than 8.98%. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Asian pear, gametophytic self-incompatibility, controlled pollinations, fluorescence microscopy, pollen tube growth | ||
| مراجع | ||
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