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اثر ژنومهای هومولوگ بر تولید گامتهای کاهش نیافته در هیبریدهای حاصل از تلاقی گندم و آجیلوپس | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 32، شماره 3، آذر 1395، صفحه 369-381 اصل مقاله (665.23 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/spij.2016.113064 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ژاله فخری؛ قادر میرزاقادری* ؛ سمیرا احمدیان؛ هدیه بدخشان | ||
| گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در هیبریدهای بین گونهای بسته به ترکیب ژنتیکی والدین، گامتهای کاهش نیافته به وفور تشکیل شده و فراوانی تشکیل آنها بیشتر از گونههای والدی است. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی گامتهای کاهش نیافته در هیبریدهای حاصل از تلاقی گندم نان (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) با دو گونه Aegilops cylindrica (2n = 4x = 28; CcCcDcDc) و Ae. triuncialis (2n = 4x = 28; UtUtCtCt) انجام شد. فرض این بود که دانههای گرده کاهش نیافته با فراوانی بیشتری در هیبریدهای گندم× آجیلوپس تریانسیالیس که فاقد ژنوم همولوگ هستند (2n = ABDUtCt)، نسبت به هیبریدهای گندم× آجیلوپس سیلیندریکا که ژنوم همولوگ دارند (2n = ABDDcCc)، تشکیل میشود. این فرض از طریق بررسی میوز، میزان دانههای گرده کاهش نیافته، کارایی دانه گرده و میزان بذردهی در هیبریدها مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. عدم وجود ژنومهای هومولوگ در هیبریدهای گندم× آجیلوپس تریانسیالیس، میوز را در 3 درصدسلولهای مادر گرده به میوز غیر کاهشی سوق داد. محصول چنین تقسیم غیر کاهشی به صورت دانههای گرده کاهش نیافته و تولید بذر F2 در این نوع هیبرید تظاهر پیدا کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| گندم؛ تلاقی بین گونهای؛ هیبریداسیون؛ پلیپلوییدی؛ گامت کاهش نیافته؛ کارایی دانه گرده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Homologous Genomes on Unreduced Gamete Formation in wheat and Aegilops Crosses | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Zh. Fakhri؛ Gh. Mirzaghaderi؛ S. Ahmadian؛ H. Badakhshan | ||
| respectively, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Production of unreduced gametes during meiosis is common among interspecific hybrids of plants. In the present study, two cultivars of bread wheat (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD)were reciprocally crossed with Aegilops triuncialis (2n = 4x = 28; UtUtCtCt) and Ae. cylindrica (2n = 4x = 28; CcCcDcDc) to produce 20 interspecific hybrid combinations. The hypothesis was that unreduced gamete formation in T. aestivum × Aegilops triuncialis (2n = ABDUtCt; which lack a common subgenome) is more than that of T. aestivum × Ae. cylindrica (2n = ABDDcCc) hybrids. This hypothesis was supported by the estimation of unreduced gametes in F1 hybrids. These results showed that lack of homologous genomes in T. aestivum × Ae. Triuncialis led to meiotic restitution in 3% of pollen mother cells (PMCs) resulting in unreduced gamete formation and F2 seed production. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Wheat, Interspecific hybridization, polyploidy, unreduced gamete, pollen viability | ||
| مراجع | ||
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