| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,873 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,555 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 42,418,910 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 19,194,530 |
اثر کم آبیاری و طول دوره تداخل تاج خروس ریشه قرمز در مراحل مختلف رشد بر عملکرد دانه و درصد روغن آفتابگردان | ||
| دانش علف‌های هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 10، شماره 1، خرداد 1393، صفحه 33-46 اصل مقاله (1011.79 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا کیامرثی؛ سیدعبدالرضا کاظمینی | ||
| دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی اثر تنش کم آبی و طول دوره تداخل تداخل تاج خروس ریشه قرمز (Amaranthus retroflexus) بر رشد و عملکرد آفتابگردان (Helianthus annuus)، آزمایشی مزرعه‌ای در دو سال زراعی 89-1388 و 90-1389 در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل کم آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری نرمال، آبیاری در 75 و 50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه) و طول دوره تداخل علف‌هرز تاج خروس در دو گروه به ترتیب: رقابت علف‌هرز تا مرحله‌ی 8 برگی، 12برگی، ظهور طبق، گلدهی و رسیدگی (تداخل تمام فصل) آفتابگردان و گروه دوم، کنترل تاج خروس تا مراحل فوق به عنوان عامل فرعی انتخاب شدند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش شدت کم آبیاری از 100 به 75 و به 50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه،درصد روغن، عملکرد دانه و اجزاء عملکرد دانه آفتابگردان (تعداد دانه در طبق و وزن هزار دانه) در هر دو سال کاهش یافت. با افزایش طول دوره تداخل تاج خروس، به دلیل افزایش رقابت با گیاه زراعی عملکرد دانه، اجزای عملکرد، درصد روغن دانه و ارتفاع بوته آفتابگردان کاهش یافت و این کاهش از مرحله 12 برگی به مرحله ظهور طبق معنیدار بود. اثر تنش آبی بر کاهش وزن خشک علف‌هرز در مقایسه با گیاه زراعی بیشتر بود. تنش آبی تاثیر تداخل تاج خروس را افزایش داد به عبارت دیگر تاثیر علف‌هرز بر رشد و عملکرد آفتابگردان با اعمال تنش آبی بیشتر شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| علف‌هرز؛ کم آبیاری؛ تداخل؛ ظرفیت مزرعه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of Water Deficit and Redroot Pigweed Interference Period at Different Growth Stages on Sunflower Yield and Oil Percentage | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| zahra kyamarsii؛ seyed Abdolreza kazemaini | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigate the effects of water deficit and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) interference period on sunflower yield, two field experiments were carried out during 2009-10 and 2010-11 growing seasons at the Agricultural College of Shiraz University. The experimental design was split plot based on randomized complete blocks with three replications. Main plots included water deficit at three levels (100%, 75% and 50% field capacity) and main plots consisted of two groups 1)Interference period of redroot pigweed up to 8-leaf, 12-leaf stages, head emergence, flowering and maturity(whole season interference) of sunflower and 2)Control of pigweed up to stages mentioned above. Results indicated that with increasing water deficit levels from 100% to 75% and 50% field capacity, seed oil percentage, seed yield and its components decreased. With increasing pigweed interference, sunflower yield, and yield components, seed oil percentage and plant height were decreased and these reductions were significant from 12-leaf stage until head emergence. Water stress decreased pigweed dry weight more than crop. Water stress increased pigweed interference, in other words impact of weeds on sunflower growth and yield, increased with water stress. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| weed, water deficit, interference, Field capacity | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Angadi, S. V. and Entz, M. H. 2002. Root system and water use patterns of different height sunflower cultivars. Agron, Univ. 94: 136-145. Ashrafi, E. and Razmjoo, K. 2010. Effect of irrigation regimes on oil content and composition of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. J. 87:499–506. Alyari, H. and Shekari, F. 2000.Oilseeds.Amidi Press, Tabriz. 162Pp. [In Persian with English summary]. Blackshaw, R. E. 1993. Safflower (Carhtamus tincotrius L.) density and row spacing on competition with green foxtail( Setaria viridis ). Weed Sci. 41:403 - 408. Blackshaw, R. E. 2005. Nitrogen fertilizer, manure and compost effects on weed growth and competition with spring wheat. Agron. J. 97: 1612-1621. Breccia, G., Vega, T., Nestare, G. Mayor, M. L., Zorzoli, R. and Picardi, L. 2011. Rapid test for detection of imidazolinone resistance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Plant Breed. 130: 109-113. Carruthers, K. Pritiviraj, B. Q. Fe., Cloutier, D., Martin, R. C. and Smith, D. L. 2000. Intercropping corn with soybean, lupine and forages: yield component responses. Euro. J. Agron. 12: 103-115. Carthacratant, R. J. and Swanton, C. J. 2004. Nitrogen and green foxtail (Setaria viridis) competition effects on corn growth and development. Weed Sci. 52: 1039-1049. Chaab, A., Fathi, Gh., Siyadat. S.A., Zand. A., Gharineh, M. and Anaghcheh, Z. 2006. Effect of plant population on corn competition potential with weed in Khoozestan weather conditions. Abstracts of the 2thIranian Weed Science Congress, Mashhad, p. 472-476. Daneshian, J. and Jonoubi, P.2008. Evaluation of sunflower new hybrids tolerance to water deficit stress. Proc. 5th International Crop Science Congress, Jejo, Korea, P: 187. Erdem, T., Erdem, Y., Orta, A. H. and Okursoy, H. 2006. Use of crop water stress index for scheduling the irrigation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Turk. J. Agric. For. 30:11-20. Gholinezhad. E., Aynaband, A., Hassanzadeh, A., Noormohamadi, G. and Bernousi, I. 2009. Study of the Effect of drought stress on yield, yield components and harvest index of sunflower hybrid Iroflor at different levels of nitrogen and plant population. Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj .37 (2): 85-94. Gholipour, H., Mirshekari, B., Hosseinzadeh, A.H. and Hanifiyan, Sh. 2009. Critical period of weed control in sunflower farm. Intl J Agron Plant Breed. 5(17):75.82. Göksoy, A. T., A. O. Demir, Z. M. Turan, and N. Dağüstü. 2004. Response of sunflower (Heliantus annuus L.) to full and limited irrigation at different growth stages. Field Crop Res. 87: 167-78. Hamzeei, J., Mohammadi Nasab, A. D., Rahimzadeh Khooyi, F., Javanshir. A. and Moghadam, M. 2005. Effect of critical period of weed control on quantitative and qualitative yield in three winter rapeseed cultivars. J. Agric. Sci. Natur. Resour. Water and Soil Sci. 6:39-50. Haramoto, E. R. and Gallandt, E. R. 2005. Brassica cover cropping: II. Effects on growth and interference of green bean (Phaseolus vulgar) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). Weed Sci. 53:702-708. Kafi, M., Jaafarnezhad, A. and Jami al Ahmadi, M. 2004. Wheat: Ecology, Physiology and Yield Estimation. (translation). Jahad Deneshgahi Mashhad Press. 478 PP. Karam, F., Breid, J.Steohan, C. and Rouphael, Y. 2003. Evaporation, yield and water use efficiency of drip irrigated corn in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon. Agric. Water Manage. 63: 125-137. Kazemeini, S. A., Edalat, M. and Shekoofa, A. 2009. Interaction effects of deficit irrigation and row spacing on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) growth, seed yield and oil yield. African J. of Agric. 4: 1165-1170. Kazemeini, S.A., Edalat, M., Mohazabieh, S. Z. and Hejazi, A. 2010. Effect of drought stress on water relations of safflower under different redroot pigweed densities. 15th EWRS symposium. European Weed Research Society. Kaposvar. P 168 Khalilvand, E. 2006. Effect of drought on two sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids yield and yield components in different densities. M.Sc. Thesis. IAU.Tabriz Branch. (In Persian with English summary). Khalilvand Behroozyar, A., Parniya, M., Darbandi, S. and Alyari, H. 2007. Effect of water deficit on some morphological characteristics of two sunflower cultivars in different densities. Mod. Agriculture. Know. 8: 1-13. Khorami, S. 2004. Investigating the effect of water deficit on grain filling, yield components and yield of three sunflower cultivars. M.Sc. Thesis. In Agronomy. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz.94Pp. Maalek F.2010. Oil seeds and vegetable oil. Agricultural Extension and Education Publications. 586 Pp. Micheal, A. M. and Ojaha, T. P. 1987. Principles Agricultural Engineering. Vol. II. New Delhi: Jain Brotjers Publisher. Miri, H. and Ghadiri, H. 2006.Determination of the critical period of weed control in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Iran. J. Weed Sci. 1:1-16. Nezami, A., Khazaei, H. R., Boroumand Rezazadeh, Z., and Hossini, A. 2008. Effect of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower (Helianthus annusL) in controlled conditions. Desert 12: 99-104. Putt, E. D. 1977. Early history of sunflower. p. 1-19 In: "A.A. Schneiter (ed.) sunflower technology and production.ASA, CSSA, and SSSA. Madison". Agronomy J. 87: 1142-128. Rawson, H. M., and N. C. Turner. 1982. Recovery from water stress in five sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) cultivars. I. Effect of timing of water application on leaf area and seed production. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 9:434-448. Razi, H. and Asaad M. T. 1998. Evaluation the change of important agronomic traits and drought stress tolerance related criteria in sunflower cultivar. J. Agric. Sci. Natur. Resour. 2:31-43. (In Persian with English summary). Santonoceto, C., Anastasi, U., Riggi, E. and Abbate, V. 2002. Accumulation dynamics of dry matter, oil and major fatty acids in sunflower seeds in relation to genotype and water regime. Ital. J. Agron. 7: 3-14. Senjani, S., Hosseini, M., Chayichi, M. and Rezvan Bidokhti, Sh. 2009. Effect of additive intercropping of sorghum and cowpea on weed population and biomass in limited irrigation regimes. Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 7:85-95. Sinonit, N. 1997. Water status and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) subjected to water stress during four stages of development. J. Agric. Sci. Camb. 89: 663-666. Steduto, P., Albrizio, R. Giorio, P. and Sorrentino, G. 2000. Gas-exchange response and stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to carbon assimilation of sunflower under salinity. Environ Exp. Bot. J. 44: 243-255. Souza,G. M., De Oliveira, R. F. and Cardoso, V. J. M..2004. Temporal dynamics of conductance of plants under water deficit: can homeostasis be improved by more complex dynamics? Brazilian Arch. Biol. & Technol. 47: 423-431. Stoller, E., and J. T. Woolley. 1995. Competition for light by broad leaf weed in soybean. Weed Sci. 33:199-202. Strahan, R. E., Griffin, J. L., Reynolds, D. B. and Miller, D. K. 2000. Interference between Rottobellia cochinensis and Zea mays L. Weed Sci. 48:205-211. Talha, M. and Osman, F. 1975. Effect of soil water stress and water ecology on oil composition in sunflower. Agric. Sci. 84: 49-56. Vangessel, M. and Renner, K. A. 1990. Redroot pigweed and barnyardgrass interference in potato. Weed Sci. 38, 338-143. Zand, A., Rahimiyan, H., Koochaki, A., Khalghani, J., Moosavi, K. and Ramezani, K. 2004. Weeds Ecology: Management Applications, (translation). University of Mashhad Jahad Publication.Pp. 558. Zimdahl, R. L. 1980. Weed Crop Competition. A review. Plant Protection Centre. Oregon State University. Corvallis. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,411 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,092 |
||