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اثر تنش خشکی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ارقام سنتتیک مقاوم بهخشکی و اکوتیپ‌های رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) | ||
| تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 24، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 48، آذر 1395، صفحه 249-263 اصل مقاله (388.46 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2016.109415 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کیوان بهمنی1؛ علی ایزدی دربندی* 2؛ اعظم اکبری3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترا، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دانشیار، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این پژوهش اثر تنش خشکی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ژنوتیپهای مختلف رازیانه در بهار سال 1393 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران بررسی شد. آزمایش بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. دو رژیم آبیاری بدون تنش و تنش خشکی در کرتهای اصلی و شش ژنوتیپ رازیانه شامل دو رقم سنتتیک مقاوم به خشکی (سنتتیک زودرس و میانرس) و چهار اکوتیپ والدی (فسا، مشکین‌شهر، هشتگرد و فزوه) در کرتهای فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر تنش خشکی بر صفات عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه، تعداد چتر و تعداد چترک معنیدار بود. کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه تحت شرایط تنش خشکی کاهش یافتند که بیشترین درصد کاهش مربوط به عملکرد دانه (۴۰ درصد) بود. البته اختلاف معنیداری بین ژنوتیپهای مـورد مطالعـه از نظر کلیه صـفات مـورد بررسی وجود داشت. به‌طوری‌که بیشـترین عملکـرد دانه متعلق به اکوتیپ فزوه با 1125 کیلوگرم در هکتار در شرایط بدون تنش و کمترین مقدار عملکرد دانه متعلق به اکوتیپ فسا با 434 کیلوگرم در هکتار در شرایط تنش خشکی بود. ارقام سنتتیک میانرس و زودرس در شرایط تنش خشکی بیشترین عملکرد دانه را تولید کردند. در این آزمایش، شاخص نمره تحمل به تنش ژنوتیپها محاسبه شد و ارقام سنتتیک زودرس و سنتتیک میانرس با داشتن بالاترین میزان شاخص نمره تحمل به تنش بهعنوان متحملترین ژنوتیپها به خشکی شناسایی شدند. این ارقام در محیطهای با آب و هوای متغیر به‌ویژه شرایط کمبود آب میتوانند عملکرد اقتصادی و پایدارتری تولید کنند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارقام سنتتیک؛ تنش خشکی؛ رازیانه؛ شاخص‌های تحمل؛ عملکرد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of drought stress on seed yield and yield components in drought tolerant synthetic cultivars and ecotypes of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| K. Bahmani1؛ A. Izadi Darbandi2؛ A. Akbari3 | ||
| 1PhD Student, University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan, Tehran, I.R. Iran. | ||
| 2Assoc., Prof., Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan, Tehran, I.R. Iran | ||
| 3M.Sc., Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan, Tehran, I.R. Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Effects of drought stress on seed yield and yield components in fennel genotypes was evaluated at research field of college of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Iran during 2013. Experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Normal irrigation and drought stress treatments were assigned to main plots and fennel genotypes including two drought tolerant synthetic cultivars (early and medium maturity synthetic cultivars) and their four elite parents (Fasa, Meshkinshahr, Fozveh and Hashtgerd) were randomized in subplots. Analysis of variance showed that effects of drought stress on number of umbels, number of umbellate, seed yield and biological yield were significant. Drought stress reduced all measured traits and seed yield (40%) was affected the most. Result showed significant differences among the genotypes for all of the studied traits. Mean comparison of the genotypes showed that the highest seed yield belonged to Fozveh (1125 kg/ha) in normal condition and lowest seed yield belonged to Fasa (434 kg/ha) under drought stress. Early and medium maturity synthetic cultivars had the highest seed yield in drought stress conditions. Stress tolerance score (STS) for genotypes were calculated. Early and medium maturity synthetic cultivars with the highest amounts of STS were introduced as the best genotypes with drought tolerant. Finally based on the results, the cultivars in environments with variable climate, especially water shortage, can produce satisfactory yield. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Drought Stress, drought tolerance indices, Fennel, synthetic cultivars | ||
| مراجع | ||
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