| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,784 |
| تعداد مقالات | 31,679 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 40,110,148 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 17,604,367 |
جدول زندگی مقایسه‌ای Aphis craccivora (Hem: : Aphididae) روی میزبان گیاهی Robinia pseudoacacia در شرایط مزرعه و آزمایشگاه | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 36، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 67، اسفند 1395، صفحه 249-257 اصل مقاله (350.58 K) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| احد صحراگرد* 1؛ رضا جلالی پور2؛ خدیجه مداحی3؛ آزاده کریمی ملاطی4 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran. | ||
| 2شغل آزاد | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری | ||
| 4هیئت علمی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شته اقاقیا، Aphis craccivora Koch آفت مهم اقاقیا، Frisia Robinia pseudoacacia است. ویژگیهای جدول زندگی A. craccivora در شرایط طبیعی (دمای 16-33 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 32-89 درصد) و آزمایشگاهی (دمای 1±25 درجه سلسیوس، 5±70 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی) تعیین شدند. دادهها با استفاده از نظریه سن- مرحله جدول زندگی دوجنسی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. آزمایشها در هر کدام از شرایط 45 بار تکرار شدند. تفاوت معنیداری بین بقا، باروری و طول عمر A. craccivora در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و طبیعی وجود داشت. در شرایط طبیعی، A. craccivora به طور معنیداری طول دوره پورگی، طول عمر حشرات کامل و چرخه زندگی کوتاهتری نسبت به شرایط آزمایشگاهی داشت. به هرحال، نرخ ذاتی افزایش (r)، نرخ خالص تولید مثل (R0)، نرخ متناهی آفزایش جمعیت (λ) و نرخ ناخالص تولید مثل (GRR) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بالاتر از مقادیر به دست آمده در شرایط طبیعی بودند. در هر حال، مدت زمان نسل در شرایط طبیعی طولانیتر از شرایط آزمایشگاهی بود. به طورکلی، نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که شرایط متفاوت (مزرعه و آزمایشگاه) تاثیر معنیداری روی دورههای رشد و ویژگیهای جدول زندگی A. craccivora داشتند و گریز از نتیجهگیری آشکار مبنی بر این که باید از تعمیم نامناسب نتایج آزمایشگاه برای کاربرد در شرایط طبیعی جلوگیری کنیم، سخت است. نتایج به دست آمده در اینجا میتواند در درک پویایی جمعیت A. craccivora در شرایط مزرعه و توسعه برنامه مدیریت تلفیقی موثر نیز به ما کمک کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Aphis craccivora؛ generation time؛ Intrinsic rate of increase؛ life table parameters؛ natural condition | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparative life table of Aphis craccivora (Hem.: Aphididae) on host plant, Robinia pseudoacacia under natural and laboratory conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Sahragard1؛ R. Jalalipour2؛ Kh. Madahi3؛ A. Karimi-Malati4 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran. | ||
| 3PhD student | ||
| 4Academic staff | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| -The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch, is an important pest of Robinia pseudoacacia Frisia. Life table parameters of A. craccivora were determined under natural (16- 33ºC and 32-89% RH, respectively) and laboratory (25 ± 1ºC, RH of 70 ± 5% and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (L: D) conditions. The data were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. Each experiment was replicated 45 times for each condition. There was significant differences between the survivorship, fecundity and longevity of the A. craccivora in laboratory and natural conditions. Under natural conditions, A. craccivora had a significant shorter nymphal developmental time, adult longevity and life span than those reared under laboratory conditions. However, the intrinsic rate of increase (r), net reproductive rate (R0), the finite rate of increase (λ) and gross reproductive rate (GRR) under laboratory conditions, were higher than those obtained in field, the higher mean generation time (T) was found in the field. All in all, the results of this study showed that two different conditions (field and laboratory) had significant influence on developmental times and life table parameters of A. craccivora and it is hard to escape the obvious conclusion that we must prevent the unsuitable extrapolation of laboratory results to field applications. The results obtained here, could also help us to understand the population dynamics of A. craccivora under field condition and to develop effective integrated pest management (IPM) programs. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aphis craccivora, generation time, Intrinsic rate of increase, life table parameters, natural condition | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Afshari, A., Soleyman-Nejadian, E., Bayat-Assadi, H. & Shishehboor, P. (2007) Demographic parameters of the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae), population in cotton field of Gorgan. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 26 (2), 23–44. Arbab, A., Kontodimas, D. & Sahragard, A. (2006) Estimating development of Aphis pomi (Degeer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) using nonlinear models. Environmental Entomology 35(5), 1208-1215. Birch L. C. (1948) The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. Journal of Animal Ecology 17, 15– 26. Brady, C. & White, J. A. (2013) Cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora) associated with different host plants has different facultative endosymbionts, Ecological Entomology 38, 433-437. Carey J. R. (1993) Applied demography for biologists with special emphasis on insects. Oxford University Press, New York. Chen, K. R., Xu, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. Y., Fang, X. P. & Yan, L. Y. (1999) Biological characters and sequence analysis of coat protein gene of Chinese strains of peanut stripe virus (PStV). Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Science 21(2), 55–59. Chi, H. (1988) Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rate among individuals. Environmental Entomology 17, 26–34. Chi, H. & Liu H. (1985) Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology. Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica24, 225–240. Chi, H. (1990) Timing of control based on the stage structure of pest population: a simulation approach. Journal of Economic Entomology 83, 1143-1150. Chi, H. (2015) TWOSEX-MSChart: a computer program for the age-stage, two-sex life table analysis. http://140.120.197.173/Ecology/. Coceano P. G. & Peressini, S. (1989) Colonisation of maize by aphid vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus. Annals of Applied Biology 114 (3), 443–447. Collier, R. H., Davies, M., Roberts, M., Leatherland, S. R. & Smyth, J. B. (1994) Monitoring and forecasting the times of attack of the lettuce root aphid, Pemphigus bursarius L. Bulletin IOBC/WPRS 17, 31-40. Diaz, B. M. & Fereres, A. (2005) Life table and population parameters of Nasonovia ribisnigri (Homoptera: Aphididae) at different constant temperatures. Environmental Entomology 34, 527–534. Dini-Papanastasi, O. & Panetsos, C. P. (2000) Relation between growth and morphological traits and genetic parameters of Robinia pseudoacacia var. monophylla D.C. in northern Greece. Silvae Genetica 49, 37–44. Dixon, A. F. G. (1987) Parthenogenetic reproduction and rate of increase in aphids. pp. 269-287. in Minks, A. K. & Harrewijn, P. (Eds), Aphids their biology, natural enemies and control. Vol. A. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Efron, B. & Tibshirani, R. J. (1993) An introduction to the bootstrap. Chapman and Hall, New York, USA. Farrell, J. A. K. (1976) Effects of groundnut crop density on the population dynamics of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera, Aphididae) in Malawi.Bulletin of Entomological Research 66, 317-329. Gutierrez, A. P., Morgan, D. J. & Havenstein, D. E. (1971) The ecology of Aphis craccivora Koch and subterranean Clover Stunt Virus. I. The phenology of Aphid populations and the epidemiology of virus in pastures in south-east Australia. Journal of Applied Ecology 8, 699-721. Gutierrez, A. P., Havenstein, D. E., Nix, H. A. & Moore, P. A. (1974) The Ecology of Aphis craccivora Koch and subterranean clover stunt virus in South-East Australia. II. A model of cowpea aphid populations in temperate pastures, Journal of Applied Ecology 11, 1-20. Hill, D. S. (1983) Agricultural insect pests of the tropics and their control. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Hosseini-Tabesh, B., Sahragard, A. & Karimi-Malati, A. (2015) A laboratory and field condition comparison of life table parameters of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Journal of Plant Protection Research 55, 1-7. Huang, Y. B. & Chi, H. (2013) Life tables of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae): with an invalidation of the jackknife technique. Journal of Applied Entomology 137 (5), 327–339. Hulting, F. L., ORR, D. B. & Brycki J. J. (1990) A computer program for calculation and statistical comparison of intrinsic rates of increase and associated life table parameters. Florida Entomologist 73(4), 601–612. Johnson, B. (1959) Effect of parasitization by Aphidius platensis Brethes on the developmental physiology of its host, Aphis craccivora Koch. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2, 82-99. Katayama, N. and Suzuki, N. (2002) Cost and benefit of ant attendance for Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) with reference to aphid colony size. Canadian Entomologist 134, 241–249. Katayama, N. & Suzuki, N. (2003) Bodyguard effects for aphids of Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) as related to the activity of two ant species, Tetramorium caespitum Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Lasius niger L. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology38, 427-433. Kocourek, F, Havelka, J., Berankova, J. & Jarosik, V. (1994) Effect of temperature on developmental rate and intrinsic rate of increase of Aphis gossypii reared on greenhouse cucumbers. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 71, 59–64. Kührt, U., Samietz, J., Höhn H. & Dorn S. (2006) Modelling the phenology of codling moth: influence of habitat and thermoregulation. Agriculture ecosystems and environment 117(1), 29–38. Latham, D. R. & Mills, N. J. (2011) Effects of temperature on the life history parameters and population growth rates of Hyalopterus pruni (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Journal of Economic Entomology 104(6), 1864–1869. Liu, S. S. & Meng, X. D. (1999) The change pattern of development rates under constant and variable temperature in Myzus persicae and Lipaphis erysimi. Acta Ecologica Sinica 9, 182-190. Madahi, Kh. & Sahragard, A. (2012) Comparative life table ofAphis pomi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on two host plants Malus pumila L. and Chaenomeles japonica under laboratory conditions. Journal Crop Protection 1(4), 321-330. Medeiros, R. S., Ramalho, F. S., Lemos, W. P. & Zanuncio, J. C. (2000) Age-dependent fecundity and fertility life tables for Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 124, 319–324. Obopile, M. & Ositile, B. (2010) Life table and population parameters of cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) on five cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L. Walp.) varieties. Journal of Pest Science 38, 9-14. Pettersson, J., Karunaratne, S., Ahmed, E. & Kumar, V. (1998) The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora, host plant odours and pheromones. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 88, 177–184. Polat-Akköprü, E., Atlıhan, R., Okut, H. & Chi, H. (2015) Demographic assessment of plant cultivar resistance to insect pests: a case study of the dusky-veined walnut aphid (Hemiptera: Callaphididae) on five walnut cultivars. Journal of Economical Entomology 108: 378–387. Price, P. W. (1997) Insect Ecology. 3rd ed. Wiley, New York. Rakhshani, E., Talebi, A. A., Kavallieratos, N. G., Rezwani, A., Manzari S. & Tomanovic Z. (2005) Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) in Iran. Journal of Pest Science 78, 193-198. Ro, T. H., Long, G. E. & Toba H. H. (1998) Predicting phenology of green peach aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) using degree-days. Environmental Entomology 27, 337-343. Roy, M., Brodeur, J. & Cloutier, C. (2003) Effect of temperature on intrinsic rates of natural increase (rm) of a coccinellid and its spider mite prey. Biocontrol 48, 57–72. Ruggle, P. & Gutierrez, A. P. (1995) Use of life tables to assess host plant resistance in alfalfa to Therioaphis trifolii maculata (Homoptera: Aphididae): hypothesis for maintenance of resistance. Environmental Entomology 24, 313–325. SAS Institute (2003)SAS user's manual, version 9.1. SAS Institute, Cary, NC. Satar, S. & Yokomi, R. (2002) Effect of temperature and host on development of Brachycaudus schwartzi (Homoptera: Aphididae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 95(5), 597–602. Singh, S. R. & Jackai, L. (1985) Insect pests of cowpeas in Africa: their life cycle, economic importance, and potential for control. Pp. 217-231. in Singh, S. R. and Rachie, K. O. (Eds) Cowpea research, production and utilization. Wiley, Chichester. Soroushmehr, Z., Sahragard, A. & Salehi, L. (2008) Comparative life table statistics for the ladybeetle Scymnus syriacus reared on the green citrus aphid, Aphis spiraecola, fed on two host plants. Journal of Entomological Science 11, 281-288. Southwood, T. R. E. (1966) Ecological methods with particular reference to the study of insect populations. Methuen, London. Southwood, T. R. E. & Henderson, P. A. (2000) Ecological methods. 3rd ed. Blackwell, Oxford, United Kingdom. Surles, S. E., Hamrick, J. L. & Bongarten, B. C. (1989) Allozyme variation in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia). Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, 471–479. Wang, J. & Tsai, J. (2000) Effect of temperature on the biology of Aphis spiraecola (Homoptera: Aphididae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 93(4), 874–883. Yang T.C. & Chi H. (2006) Life tables and development of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) at different temperatures. Journal of Economic Entomology 99(3), 691–698. Yang, X. B., Zhang Y. M., Henne, D. C. & Liu, T. X. (2013) Life tables of Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) on tomato under laboratory and field conditions in Southern Texas. Florida Entomologist 96(3), 904–913. Zamani, A. A., Talebi, A. A., Fathipour, Y. & Baniameri, V. (2006) Effect of temperature on biology and population growth parameters of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hom.: Aphididae) on greenhouse cucumber. Journal of Applied Ecology 130(8), 453–460. Zanuncio, J. C., Lemos, W. P., Lacerda, M. C., Zanuncio, T.V., Serrãã, O. J. E. & Bauce, E. (2006) Age-dependent fecundity and fertility life tables of the predator Brontocoris tabidus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) under field conditions. Journal of Economic Entomology 99(2), 401–407. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 840 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,245 |
||