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تاثیر شخم زمستانه بر کاهش تراکم جمعیت سرخرطومی پسته | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 85، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 104، شهریور 1396، صفحه 11-20 اصل مقاله (273.31 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2017.109364 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدرضا مهرنژاد* 1؛ رضا میرزایی2 | ||
| 1دانشیار،مؤسسه تحقیقات پسته کشور، رفسنجان، صندوق پستی 435/77175 | ||
| 2کارشناس، مؤسسه تحقیقات پسته کشور، رفسنجان، صندوق پستی 435/77175 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سرخرطومی Polydrusus davatchii Hoffmann، آفت جوانه و گل درختان پسته در ابتدای بهار است. این پژوهش در یک باغ پستهی آلوده به آفت سرخرطومی در دوره زمانی 1388-1391 در منطقه بیاض (رفسنجان) انجام شد. بررسی فراوانی شکار حشرات کامل بوسیله قفس ظهور در محل‌های مختلف باغ پسته نشان داد که حشره کامل سرخرطومی فقط از محل‌های پوشیده از بقایای گیاهی مانند برگ‌های خزان کرده و باقیماندهی علف‌های هرز در ناحیه سایه انداز درختان و در طول ماه فروردین از خاک خارج می‌شود. تعداد سرخرطومی شکار شده در سایه انداز درختان فاقد بقایای گیاهی، بطور معنی‌دار کمتر از سایه انداز درختان پوشیده از مواد گیاهی بود. تعداد سرخرطومی شکار شده از محل‌هایی که شخم زدهشده بود نیز بطور معنی دار کمتر از محل‌های شخم زده نشده بدست آمد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که فراوانی حشرات کامل سرخرطومی روی درختان پسته در قطعهی شخم زده شده بطور معنی‌دار کمتر از تعداد سرخرطومی روی اندام‌های هوایی درخت در قطعهی شخم زده نشده است. بر اساس پژوهش حاضر، شخم زمستانهی باغ با عمق حداقل 30 سانتی‌متر در کاهش تراکم جمعیت این آفت تاثیر مثبت داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آفت؛ پسته؛ سرخرطومی؛ شخم زمستانه؛ کنترل زراعی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of winter ploughing on reduction of pistachio weevil population density | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. R. MEHRNEJAD1؛ R. MIRZAEI2 | ||
| 2Research assistant | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The weevil Polydrusus davatchii Hoffmann, is a potential pest for pistachio buds and developing flower clusters in early spring. The effect of winter ploughing on weevil’s population density was investigated using emergence traps in a contaminated pistachio orchard through 2009-2012 in Bayaz, 75 Km North-West of Rafsanjan, Iran. It was found that beetles only emerges from soil where naturally covered by plant litters under the pistachio trees’ canopy during 20 March to 20 April. No adult weevil captured through emergence traps in other parts of orchard. The number of weevils that captured under trees canopy having no any plant litters were significantly less than those captured under trees canopy where naturally covered by plant litters. A significant difference was found for the abundance of weevils in plowed and non-plowed areas. In addition, the present field experiment verified that abundance of weevils on aerial parts of trees in plowed plot were significantly lower than those in non-plowed plot. Based on the results, winter ploughing (30 cm depth) of pistachio orchards causes positive effect on reduction of weevils’ population density | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| cultural practices, Pest, pistachio, Polydrusus davatchii, weevil, winter ploughing | ||
| مراجع | ||
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