Incorporation of plant residues in soils of arid and semiarid regions is a major principle for sustainable agriculture. This experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of saline of irrigation water on organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics. For this purpose, a pot experiment with split – split plot arrangement with three replications was conducted in University of Zanjan using litter bag method. The Examined factors were two types of plant residues (barley and alfalfa residues), three salinity levels of irrigation water (0.3, 4 and 8 dSm-1) and four incubation time intervals (1, 2, 3 and 4 months). The results showed that the amounts of organic carbon and nitrogen lost decreased by increasing the salinity level of irrigation water. The amounts of organic carbon lost after 4 months were respectively 65.52, 61.71 and 58.89% for alfalfa residue and 60.95, 51.95and48.33% for barley residue when salinity levels of irrigation water adjusted at 0.3, 4 and 8 dSm-1correspondingly. The corresponding amounts of organic nitrogen lost were 65.99, 54.02 and 48.09% for alfalfa residues and 61.04, 52.31 and 44.13% for barley residues respectively. The results showed that by increasing the salinity level of irrigation water from 0.3 to 4 and 8 dSm-1, the amounts of organic carbon lost from alfalfa and barley residues decreased by 5.82 and 10.12% and 14.77 and 20.71% respectively. The decrease in the amounts of organic nitrogen lost with increasing the salinity levels of irrigation water were 18.13 and 27.12% for alfalfa residues and 14.30 and 27.70% for barley residues respectively. |
- علی احیائی، م. و بهبهانی زاده، ع. ا. 1372. شرح روشهای تجزیه شیمیایی خاک (جلد اول). موسسهی تحقیقات خاک و آب. نشریه شماره 893، کرج، ایران.
- گلچین، ا. 1395. مواد آلی خاک. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی. دانشگاه زنجان.
- Austin, A. T. and Vivanco, L. 2006. Plant litter decomposition in a semi-arid ecosystem controlled by photodegradation. Nature. 442: 555-558.
- Bremner, J. M. and Mulvaney, C. S. 1982. Nitrogen total. pp. 595- 624. In: Page, A. L., Miller, R. H. and Keeney, D. R. (eds.). Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical analysis. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of American, Madison, Wisconsin.
- Duong, T. T. T. 2009. Dynamics of plant residue decomposition and nutrient release, school of earth and environmental science. The University of Adelaide. Australia.
- Gharaibeh, M. A., Eltaif, N. I. and Shra’ah, S. H. 2010. Reclamation of a calcareous saline-sodic soil using phosphoric acid and by product gypsum. Soil Use and Management. 26:93-195.
- Mavi, M. S. and Marschner, P. 2013. Salinity affects the response of soil microbial activity and biomass to addition of carbon and nitrogen. Soil Research. 51: 68-75.
- Mostafazadeh–Fard, B., Heidarpour, M., Aghakhani, A. and Feizi, M. 2007. Effects of irrigation water salinity and leaching on soil chemical properties in an arid region. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 9: 466-469
- Muhammad, S., Müller, T. and Joergensen, R. G. 2006. Decomposition of pea and maize straw in Pakistani soils along a gradient in salinity. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 43: 93-101.
- Murungu, F. S., Chiduza, C., Muchaonyerwa, P. and Mnkeni, P. N. S. 2011. Decomposition, nitrogen and phosphorus mineralization from winter-grown cover crop residues and suitability for a smallholder farming system in South Africa. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 89: 115-123.
- Nelson, P. N., Ladd, J. N. and Oades, J. M. 1996. Decomposition of I4C- labelled plant material in a salt- affected soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 28: 433-441.
- Sardinha, M. T., Muller, H., Schmeisky, R. and Joergensen, G. 2003. Microbial performance in soils along a salinity gradient under acidic conditions. Applied Soil Ecology. 23: 237-244.
- Soon, Y. and Arshad, M. 2002. Comparison of the decomposition and N and P mineralization of canola, pea and wheat residues. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 36: 10-17.
- Stanford, G., Frere, M. H. and Vanderpol, R. A. 1975. Effect of fluctuating temperature on soil nitrogen mineralisation. Soil Science. 119: 222-226.
- Vaieretti, M. V., Pérez, H. N. and Gurvich, D. E. 2005. Decomposition dynamics and physico-chemical leaf quality of abundant species in montane woodland in central Argentina. Plant and Soil. 21: 205-278.
- Walkley, A. and Black, I. A. 1934. An examination of Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science. 37: 29-37.
- Walpola, B. C. and Arunakumara, K. K. I. U. 2010. Effect of salt stress on decomposition of organic matter and nitrogen mineralization in animal manure amended soils.The Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 5: 9-18.
- Zhang, D., Hui, D., Luo, Y. and Zhou, G. 2008. Rates of litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems: global patterns and controlling factors. Journal of Plant Ecology. 1: 85-93.
|