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بررسی ویژگی های جوانه زنی بذر ارقام کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) و رابطه آن با ترکیب اسیدهای چرب | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 5، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 10، بهمن 1395، صفحه 119-131 اصل مقاله (619.41 K) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| پرویز رضوانی مقدم* 1؛ سید محمد سیدی2 | ||
| 1گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 2گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| میزان روغن و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب از مهمترین عوامل در ارزیابی و توصیف دانههای روغنی به شمار میروند. از سوی دیگر، جوانهزنی بذر و استقرار گیاهچهها تحت تاثیر ذخایر موجود در بذر قرار دارند. از این رو، به منظور بررسی ویژگی های جوانه زنی بذر ارقام کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) و رابطه آن با ترکیب اسیدهای چرب در ساختار روغن، مطالعاتی در شرایط آزمایشگاه و گلخانه به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 15 تیمار و چهار تکرار در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. در این مطالعات ارقام کنجد (شامل داراب 2، داراب 14، دشتستان 2، دشتستان 5، اسفراین، IS، JL-13، کلات، کاشمر، مشهد، اولتان، سیستان، TS-3، ورامین 2822 و یلو وایت) به عنوان تیمارهای آزمایش در نظر گرفته شدند. این ارقام از پژوهشکده گیاهی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد و نیز موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح وتهیه نهال و بذر در کرج تهیه شدند. طبق نتایج، کمترین متوسط زمان جوانه زنی1 (MGT) و متوسط زمان سبز شدن2 (MET) در ارقام دشتستان 2، دشتستان 5 و ISبه دست آمد. در مقابل، بیشترین MGTو METدر ارقام یلو وایت و مشهد مشاهده شد. اگر چه بین ارقام تفاوت معنیداری از نظر غلظت نیتروژن دانه و درصد روغن مشاهده نشد، اما از نظر غلظت فسفر بین ارقام تفاوت معنیداری وجود داشت؛ به طوری که بیشترین و کمترین غلظت فسفر دانه به ترتیب در ارقام دشتستان 2 و یلو وایت مشاهده شد. به جز اسید اولئیک، لینولئیک و لینولنیک، سایر اسیدهای چرب ارتباط معنیداری با METنداشتند. بین اسید اولئیک با METهمبستگی منفی(R2= 0.73**) و بین اسید لینولنیک با METهمبستگی مثبت و معنیداری(R2= 0.93**) مشاهده شد. از این رو به نظر میرسد که بنیه بذر کنجد به شدت وابسته به ترکیب اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع تشکیل دهنده روغن باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آزمون پیری تسریع شده؛ اسید چرب؛ متوسط زمان سبز شدن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of germination characteristics of sesame cultivars (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds as related to fatty acids composition | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| P. Rezvani Moghaddam1؛ S.M. Seyyedi2 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Oil content and fatty acid composition are the most important factors for assessing and describing oilseeds. On the other hand, seed germination and seedling establishment are affected by seed reserves. In order to investigate the germination characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds as related totheiroil content and fatty acids composition, series of laboratory and greenhouse pot experiments were conducted in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Experiments were arranged based on a completely randomized design with 15 treatments and four replications. The experimental treatments were consisted of 15 sesame cultivars: Darab 2, Darab 14, Dashtestan 2, Dashtestan 5, Esfaraen, IS, JL-13, Kalat, Kashmar, Mashhad, Oltan, Sistan, TS-3, Varamin 2822, and Yellow White. The results showed that the low mean germination time (MGT) and mean emergence time (MET) were detected in Dashtestan 2, Dashtestan 5 and IS cultivars. In contrast, the high MGT and MET were observed in Yellow White and Mashhad cultivars. Although, there were no statistically differences between sesame cultivars for seed nitrogen concentration and oil percentage, significant differences were observed in terms of seed phosphorus concentration. The highest and the lowest seed P concentration were obtained in Dashtestan 2 and Yellow White cultivars, respectively. There were no significant correlation between MET and fatty acids, except for oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. A negative correlation between oleic acid and MET (R2= 0.73**) and also a positive correlation between linolenic acid and MET (R2= 0.73**) was observed. Therefore, it seems that sesame seed vigor highly depends on unsaturated fatty acids composition. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| accelerated aging, Fatty acid, Mean emergence time | ||
| مراجع | ||
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