| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,016 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,722 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,957,027 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 45,776,632 |
بررسی ویژگی های جوانه زنی بذر ارقام کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) و رابطه آن با ترکیب اسیدهای چرب | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 5، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 10، بهمن 1395، صفحه 119-131 اصل مقاله (619.41 K) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| پرویز رضوانی مقدم* 1؛ سید محمد سیدی2 | ||
| 1گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 2گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| میزان روغن و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب از مهمترین عوامل در ارزیابی و توصیف دانههای روغنی به شمار میروند. از سوی دیگر، جوانهزنی بذر و استقرار گیاهچهها تحت تاثیر ذخایر موجود در بذر قرار دارند. از این رو، به منظور بررسی ویژگی های جوانه زنی بذر ارقام کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) و رابطه آن با ترکیب اسیدهای چرب در ساختار روغن، مطالعاتی در شرایط آزمایشگاه و گلخانه به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 15 تیمار و چهار تکرار در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. در این مطالعات ارقام کنجد (شامل داراب 2، داراب 14، دشتستان 2، دشتستان 5، اسفراین، IS، JL-13، کلات، کاشمر، مشهد، اولتان، سیستان، TS-3، ورامین 2822 و یلو وایت) به عنوان تیمارهای آزمایش در نظر گرفته شدند. این ارقام از پژوهشکده گیاهی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد و نیز موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح وتهیه نهال و بذر در کرج تهیه شدند. طبق نتایج، کمترین متوسط زمان جوانه زنی1 (MGT) و متوسط زمان سبز شدن2 (MET) در ارقام دشتستان 2، دشتستان 5 و ISبه دست آمد. در مقابل، بیشترین MGTو METدر ارقام یلو وایت و مشهد مشاهده شد. اگر چه بین ارقام تفاوت معنیداری از نظر غلظت نیتروژن دانه و درصد روغن مشاهده نشد، اما از نظر غلظت فسفر بین ارقام تفاوت معنیداری وجود داشت؛ به طوری که بیشترین و کمترین غلظت فسفر دانه به ترتیب در ارقام دشتستان 2 و یلو وایت مشاهده شد. به جز اسید اولئیک، لینولئیک و لینولنیک، سایر اسیدهای چرب ارتباط معنیداری با METنداشتند. بین اسید اولئیک با METهمبستگی منفی(R2= 0.73**) و بین اسید لینولنیک با METهمبستگی مثبت و معنیداری(R2= 0.93**) مشاهده شد. از این رو به نظر میرسد که بنیه بذر کنجد به شدت وابسته به ترکیب اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع تشکیل دهنده روغن باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آزمون پیری تسریع شده؛ اسید چرب؛ متوسط زمان سبز شدن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of germination characteristics of sesame cultivars (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds as related to fatty acids composition | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| P. Rezvani Moghaddam1؛ S.M. Seyyedi2 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Oil content and fatty acid composition are the most important factors for assessing and describing oilseeds. On the other hand, seed germination and seedling establishment are affected by seed reserves. In order to investigate the germination characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds as related totheiroil content and fatty acids composition, series of laboratory and greenhouse pot experiments were conducted in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Experiments were arranged based on a completely randomized design with 15 treatments and four replications. The experimental treatments were consisted of 15 sesame cultivars: Darab 2, Darab 14, Dashtestan 2, Dashtestan 5, Esfaraen, IS, JL-13, Kalat, Kashmar, Mashhad, Oltan, Sistan, TS-3, Varamin 2822, and Yellow White. The results showed that the low mean germination time (MGT) and mean emergence time (MET) were detected in Dashtestan 2, Dashtestan 5 and IS cultivars. In contrast, the high MGT and MET were observed in Yellow White and Mashhad cultivars. Although, there were no statistically differences between sesame cultivars for seed nitrogen concentration and oil percentage, significant differences were observed in terms of seed phosphorus concentration. The highest and the lowest seed P concentration were obtained in Dashtestan 2 and Yellow White cultivars, respectively. There were no significant correlation between MET and fatty acids, except for oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. A negative correlation between oleic acid and MET (R2= 0.73**) and also a positive correlation between linolenic acid and MET (R2= 0.73**) was observed. Therefore, it seems that sesame seed vigor highly depends on unsaturated fatty acids composition. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| accelerated aging, Fatty acid, Mean emergence time | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
AOAC. 2000. Official methods of analysis (17th ed.) Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Asghar, A. and M. N. Majeed. 2013. Chemical characterization and fatty acid profile of different sesame verities in Pakistan. Am. J. Sci. Ind. Res. 4: 540–545. Balešević-Tubić, S., M. Tatić, J. Miladinović and M. Pucarević. 2007. Changes of fatty acids content and vigor of sunflower seed during natural aging. Helia 30: 61–68. Balešević-Tubić, S., M. Tatić, V. Ðorđević, Z. Nikolić and V. Ðukić. 2010. Seed viability of oil crops depending on storage conditions. Helia 33: 153–160. Bishnoi, U. R., G. Kaur and M. H. Khan. 2007. Calcium, phosphorus, and harvest stages effects soybean seed production and quality. J. Plant Nutr. 30: 2119–2127. Carvalho, R. H. R., E. L. Galvão, J. Â. C. Barros, M. M. Conceição and E. M. B. D. Sousa. 2012. Extraction, fatty acid profile and antioxidant activity of sesame extract (Sesamum indicum L.). Braz. J. Chem. Eng. 29: 409–420. Chung, C. H., Y. J. Yee, D. H. Kim, H. K. Kim and D. S. Chung. 1995. Changes of lipid, protein, RNA and fatty acid composition in developing sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds. Plant Sci. 109: 237–243. Demir, I., S. Ermis, K. Mavi and S. Matthews. 2008. Mean germination time of pepper seed lots (Capsicum annuum L.) predicts size and uniformity of seedlings in germination tests and transplant modules. Seed Sci. Technol. 36: 21–30. Elamrani, A., P. Raymond and P. Saglio. 1992. Nature and utilization of seed reserves during germination and heterotrophic growth of young sugar beet seedlings. Seed Sci. Res. 2: 1–8. FAO. 2013. Available from http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (accessed 11 Sep. 2016, verified 11 Sep. 2016). Farhoosh, R., M. H. Haddad Khodaparast and A. Sharif. 2009. Bene hull oil as a highly stable and antioxidative vegetable oil. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 111: 1259–1265. González Belo, R., J. Tognetti, R. Benech-Arnold and N. G. Izquierdo. 2014. Germination responses to temperature and water potential as affected by seed oil composition in sunflower. Ind. Crops Prod. 62: 537–544. Grichar, W. J., D. C. Sestak, K. D. Brewer, B. A. Besler, C. R. Stichler and D. T. Smith. 2001. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) tolerance and weed control with soil-applied herbicides. Crop Prot. 20: 389–394. Hojjat, S. S. 2011. Effects of seed size on germination and seedling growth of some lentil genotypes (Lens culinaris Medic.). Int. J. Agric. Crop Sci. 3: 1–5. ISTA. 2012. International Rules for Seed Testing. The International Seed Testing Association, Bassersdorf, Switzerland. Khajeh-Hosseini, M., A. Lomholt and S. Matthews. 2009. Mean germination time in the laboratory estimates the relative vigour and field performance of commercial seed lots of maize (Zea mays L.). Seed Sci. Technol. 37: 446–456. Khajehpour, M. R. 2005. Industrial Crops. (In Persian). Jahade-e-Daneshghahi Isfahan Press, Isfahan, Iran, 564 pp. Liao, H. and X. Yan. 1999. Seed size is closely related to phosphorus use efficiency and photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency in common bean. J. Plant Nutr. 22: 877–888. Lutterodt, H., M. Luther, M. Slavin, J. Yin, J. Parry, J. Gao and L. Yu. 2010. Fatty acid profile, thymoquinone content, oxidative stability, and antioxidant properties of cold-pressed black cumin seed oils. LWT - Food Sci. Technol. 43: 1409-1413. Modi, A. T. 2002. Wheat seed quality in response to molybdenum and phosphorus. J. Plant Nutr. 25: 2409–2419. Mohdaly, A. A. A., I. Smetanska, M. F. Ramadan, M. A. Sarhan and A. Mahmoud. 2011. Antioxidant potential of sesame (Sesamum indicum) cake extract in stabilization of sunflower and soybean oils. Ind. Crops Prod. 34: 952–959. Mostafa, M. M. and E. H. Rahma. 1987. Chemical and nutritional changes in soybean during germination. Food Chem. 23: 257–275. Murphy, J. and J. P. Riley. 1962. A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal. Chim. Acta. 27: 31–36. Nicanuzia dos Prazeres, J., C. Veríssima Ferreira and H. Aoyama. 2004. Acid phosphatase activities during the germination of Glycine max seeds. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 42: 15–20. Noli, E., E. Casarini, G. Urso and S. Conti. 2008. Suitability of three vigour test procedures to predict field performance of early sown maize seed. Seed Sci. Technol. 36: 168–176. Nonogaki, H. 2008. Seed germination and reserve mobilization. In: encyclopedia of life sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester. Nzikou, J. M., L. Matos, G. Bouanga-Kalou, C. B. Ndangui, N. P. G. Pambou-Tobi, A. Kimbonguila, T. Silou, M. Linder and S. Desobry. 2009. Chemical composition on the seeds and oil of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) grown in Congo-Brazzaville. Adv. J. Food Sci. Technol. 1: 6–11. Pacheco, R. S., L. F. Brito, R. Straliotto, D. V. Pérez and A. P. Araújo. 2012. Seeds enriched with phosphorus and molybdenum as a strategy for improving grain yield of common bean crop. Field Crops Res. 136: 97–106. Peltonen-Sainio, P., M. Kontturi and J. Peltonen. 2006. Phosphorus seed coating enhancement on early growth and yield components in oat. Agron. J. 98: 206–211. Piras, A., A. Rosa, B. Marongiu, S. Porcedda, D. Falconieri, M. A. Dessi, B. Ozcelik and U. Koca. 2013. Chemical composition and in vitro bioactivity of the volatile and fixed oils of Nigella sativa L. extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide. Ind. Crops Prod. 46: 317– 323. Rostami, M., V. Farzaneh, A. Boujmehrani, M. Mohammadi and H. Bakhshabadi. 2014. Optimizing the extraction process of sesame seed’s oil using response surface method on the industrial scale. Ind. Crops Prod. 58: 160–165. SAS. 2011. SAS for Windows Version 9.3. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. Sawan, Z. M., A. H. Fahmy and S. E. Yousef. 2011. Effect of potassium, zinc and phosphorus on seed yield, seed viability and seedling vigor of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.). Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 57: 75–90. Sepaskhah, A. R. and M. Andam. 2001. Crop coefficient of sesame in a semi-arid region of I.R. Iran. Agric. Water Manage. 49: 51–63. Seyyedi, S. M., M. Khajeh-Hosseini, P. Rezvani Moghaddam and H. Shahandeh. 2015. Effects of phosphorus and seed priming on seed vigor, fatty acids composition and heterotrophic seedling growth of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) grown in a calcareous soil. Ind. Crops Prod. 74: 939–949. Snider, J. L., G. D. Collins, J. Whitaker, K. D. Chapman, P. Horn and T. L. Grey. 2014. Seed size and oil content are key determinants of seedling vigor in Gossypium hirsutum. J. Cotton Sci. 18: 1–9. Soltani, A., M. Gholipoor and E. Zeinali. 2006. Seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of wheat as affected by drought and salinity. Environ. Exp. Bot. 55: 195–200. Thant, K. H., J. Duangpatra and J. Romkaew. 2010. Appropriate temperature and time for an accelerated aging vigor test in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Seed. Kasetsart J. Nat. Sci. 44: 10–16. Uzun, B., Ç. Arslan and Ş. Furat. 2008. Variation in fatty acid compositions, oil content and oil yield in a germplasm collection of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 85: 1135–1142. Uzun, B., C. Arslan, M. Karhan and C. Toker. 2007. Fat and fatty acids of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) in comparison to sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Food Chem. 102: 45–49. Wanasundara, P. K. J. P. D., U. N. Wanasundara and F. Shahidi. 1999. Changes in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seed lipids during germination. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 76: 41–48. Were, B. A., A. O. Onkware, S. Gudu, M. Welander and A. S. Carlsson. 2006. Seed oil content and fatty acid composition in East African sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) accessions evaluated over 3 years. Field Crops Res. 97: 254–260. Yun, J. M. and J. H. Surh. 2012. Fatty acid composition as a predictor for the oxidation stability of Korean vegetable oils with or without induced oxidative stress. Prev. Nutr. Food Sci. 17: 158–165. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,113 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 908 |
||