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مطالعه‌ی میزان کلونیزاسیون ریشه و کاهش بیماری زنگ برگی گندم در برهمکنشهای جدایه باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescens، رقم گندم و قارچPuccinia triticina | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 4، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 7، شهریور 1395، صفحه 65-77 اصل مقاله (339.75 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2016.108156 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محسن فرزانه* 1؛ فرزاد افشاری2؛ عباس شریفی تهرانی3 | ||
| 1عضو هیات علمی/دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| 2واحد پاتولوژی غلات، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر-کرج | ||
| 3رییس شاخه علوم کشاورزی/فرهنگستان علوم | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این پژوهش قابلیت میزان کلونیزه شدن ریزوسفر سه رقم گندم (بولانی، روشن و فورنو) توسط دو جدایه باکتری سودمند Pseudomonas fluorescens PF153mcherry و P. fluorescens CHA0gfp2 به روش آغشتهسازی بذر در کاهش بیماری زنگ برگی ناشی از Puccinia triticina در شرایط گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشاندهنده کاهش شدت بیماری روی برگها در تعاملهای خاصی از جدایه باکتری و رقم گندم بود. این کاهش بیماری به‌طور ویژهای در تعامل جدایه‌ی CHA0gfp2و رقم فورنو با 74/69% کاهش جوش روی برگها مشاهده شد. دو رقم بولانی و فورنو فاقد زادمایه باکتری، بیشترین میزان آلودگی به زنگ را داشتند. بررسی اثر متقابل جدایه باکتری، رقم گندم و بیمارگر نشان داد که در تعاملهای جدایه‌ی PF153mcherry با رقم روشن آلوده و غیرآلوده به زنگ، بیشترین جمعیت باکتریایی روی ریشه وجود دارد (به‌ترتیب 2/7801 و 4/8154 یاخته باکتری در میلیگرم وزن خشک ریشه). کمترین تعداد یاخته باکتری روی ریشه در تعامل جدایه CHA0gfp2با رقم روشن آلوده و غیرآلوده به زنگ به‌ترتیب با جمعیتی برابر با 2/938 و 3/887 یاخته باکتری در میلیگرم وزن خشک ریشه مشاهده شد. تعامل بیمارگر با هر سه رقم گندم باعث افزایش معنیدار فعالیت فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز در برگها شد. همچنین آلودگی به زنگ در افزایش فعالیت پراکسیداز تفاوت معنی داری نشان داد. در نهایت بین میزان کلونیزاسیون باکتری (تعداد یاخته باکتری در میلیگرم وزن خشک ریشه) با شدت بیماری زنگ برگی همبستگی منفی مشاهده شد. همچنین همبستگی مثبت بین آنزیم فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز و شدت بیماری وجود داشت. نتایج این تحقیق نشاندهنده برقراری تعامل سودمند بین جدایه ریزوباکتری-رقم گندم است که در راستای القای مقاومت و مهار بیمارگرهای برگی در سیستم کشاورزی پایدار امیدوارکننده بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ریزوسفر گندم؛ باکتری سودمند؛ مقاومت القایی؛ بیماری زنگ؛ فعالیت آنزیمی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study of the root colonization and reduction of leaf rust disease in the interactions among beneficial rhizobacetria, wheat cultivars and Puccinia triticina | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohsen Farzaneh1؛ Farzad Afshari2؛ Abbas Sharifi Tehrani3 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this research, the interaction between two biocontrol strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF153mcherry andCHA0gfp2)and three wheat cultivars (Boulani, Roushan, Forno) were studied to control wheat leaf rust disease (Puccinia triticina) under greenhouse conditions. Bacteria were appliedusing the seed treatment method. Results showed a reduction in disease severity on the leaves in certain combinations of bacterial strains and wheat cultivars. This was particularly evident for the interaction between CHA0gfp2 and Forno with 69.74% decrease in the number of pustules on leaves. The Bolani and Forno cultivars that were not treated by bacteria exhibited the highest infection of leaf rust. Study of bacteria–wheat-pathogen interactions showed that the interaction between PF153mcherry with infected and non-infected Forno showed the highest bacterial colonization (7801.1 and 8154.4 cfu per mg dry root, respectively). Interaction between CHA0gfp2 with infected and non-infected Roushan cultivar induced the lowest colonization on the rhizosphere by 938.2 and 887.3 cfu per mg dry root, respectively. However, interaction between pathogen and cultivars resulted in the increase of peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity in the leaves. In summary, we observed negative correlations between the bacterial colonization (cfu per mg dry root) and the number of rust pustules on the leaves. There was significant correlation between PAL activity and disease severity. Overall results of this study indicate that there is a promising beneficial interaction between the bacterial isolates and wheat cultivars which induce systemic resistance and suppress the leaf diseases in the sustainable agricultural system. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| wheat rhizosphere, beneficial bacteria, induced resistance, Leaf rust, Enzyme activity | ||
| مراجع | ||
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