| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,079 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,323 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 47,454,899 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,425,174 |
بررسی کاربرد میکوریز بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی گیاه کتان (Linum usitatissimum L.) تحت تنش فرابنفش | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 32، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 79، دی 1395، صفحه 880-899 اصل مقاله (710.23 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.108088 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| شراره شیعتی* 1؛ جلیل خارا2؛ عبداله حسن‌زاده قورت تپه3 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان‌غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در بین انواع مختلف میکوریز، میکوریز آربوسکولار، رایج‌ترین نوع همزیستی مسالمت‌آمیز بین میکروارگانیسم‌های خاکزی و گیاهان می‌باشد که اهمیت اکولوژیک و اقتصادی فراوانی دارد. پرتو UV به‌دلیل افزایش تولید گونه‌های فعال اکسیژن به‌عنوان یک عامل ایجادکننده تنش‌های اکسایشی شناخته شده‌است. موضوع این تحقیق بررسی کاربرد میکوریز بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی گیاه کتان (Linum usitatissimum L.) تحت تنش فرابنفش بود. گیاهان کتان در دو گروه میکوریزی و غیرمیکوریزی در شرایط 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی با دمای محیطی 18 تا 29 درجه سانتی‌گراد کشت داده شدند. گیاهان میکوریزی با مایه تلقیح حاصل از کشت Glomus etunicatum و Glomus versiforme آغشته شدند. 21 روز بعد از کشت، یک سری از گلدان‌ها به‌عنوان شاهد انتخاب شده و بقیه به مدت 14 روز و هر روز به مدت 1 ساعت تحت تنش UV-B (با طول موج 312 نانومتر) قرار گرفتند. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی شامل سه تیمار میکوریزی (دارای G. etunicatum، G. versiforme و بدون میکوریزا)، دو تیمار UV (با UV و بدون UV) و سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، میزان قند محلول و میزان پروتئین محلول در گیاهان تحت تیمار UV-B نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافت و این کاهش در نمونه‌های میکوریزی کمتر از نمونه‌های غیرمیکوریزی بود. از سوی دیگر، فعالیت آنزیم‌های پاداُکسایشی تحت تأثیر تابش فرابنفش افزایش یافت؛ به‌نحوی که این افزایش در گیاهان میکوریزی بیشتر از نمونه‌های غیرمیکوریزی بود. همچنین آنالیز داده‌ها نشان داد که میزان مالون‌دی‌آلدئید در گیاهان تحت تابش UV-B نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. این افزایش در نمونه‌های میکوریزی کمتر از نمونه‌های غیرمیکوریزی بود. بنابراین با بررسی مطالب فوق نتیجه‌گیری شد که پرتو UV-B اثرات زیان‌باری بر روی رقم شاهین‌دژ دارد و همزیستی میکوریزی با دو گونه قارچی فوق می‌تواند از برخی جهات این تنش را تا حدودی تخفیف دهد. همچنین مشاهده شد که تأثیر مثبت همزیستی در حضور گونه Glomus versiforme بهتر از گونه Glomus etunicatum می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| میکوریز آربوسکولار؛ گلوموس؛ میزان مالون‌دی‌آلدئید؛ میزان قند محلول | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Application effects of mycorrhiza on physiological traits of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) under UV stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Shiati1؛ J. Khara2؛ A. Hassanzade Ghort Tapeh3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 3West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Among the different types of mycorrhizas, arbuscular mycorrhiza is the most common peaceful type of symbiosis between the land microorganisms and plants with a great economic and ecological importance. On the other hand, UV irradiation is known to cause oxidative damage to plants by triggering an increased level of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The objective of the present investigation was to study the effects of mycorrhiza on physiological traits of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) under UV stress. The flax plants were grown in two mycorrhizal (M) and non-mycorrhizsal (NM) groups with a diurnal regime of 16 hour light and 8 hour dark at 18-29°C. Mycorrhizal plants were colonized by inoculum obtained from Glomus versiforme and Glomus etunicatum culture. They were divided after 21 days of growth. One set of pots served as the control, and the other set was treated with UV radiation (312nm) for 1 hour each day for 14 days. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design including three mycorrhizal treatments (with G. etunicatum, G.versiforme and without mycorrhiza), and two UV treatments (with UV and non-UV) in three replications. Results showed that chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content was significantly reduced in treated plants in comparison with the control. This decrease was less obvious in mycorrhizal plants as compared with non-mycorrhizsal samples; however, antioxidant enzymes activity increased when plants were irradiated with UV light. This increase was more dramatic in mycorrhizal plants samples than non-mycorrhizsal ones. In addition, results showed that malondialdehyde content was increased when plants were irradiated with UV light. This increase was more dramatic in non-mycorrhizsal samples than mycorrhizsal ones. According to the obtained results, it is concluded that UV-B stress has serious effects on Shahin-dezh cultivar and mycorrhizal symbiosis with the two fungi species can somewhat reduce this stress. Furthermore, colonization with Glomus versiforme resulted in better ameliorative effects on plants in comparison with Glomus etunicatum. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Glomus, malondialdehyde content, soluble sugars content | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Agrawal, S.B., 1992. Effects of Supplemental UV-B radiation on photosynthetic pigment, protein and content in green algae. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 32(2): 137-143. - Agrawal, S.B., 2007. Increased antioxidant activity in Cassia seedlings under UV-B radiation. Biologia Plantarum, 51(1): 157-160. - Al-Karaki, G.N., Hammad, R. and Rusan, M., 2001. Response of two tomato cultivars differing in salt tolerance to inoculation with mycirrhizal fungi under salt stress. Mycorrhiza, 11: 43-47. - An, L., Feng, H., Tang, X. and Wang, X., 2000. Changes of microsomal membrane properties in spring wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 57: 60-65. - Asada, K., 1992. Ascorbate peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide scavenging enzyme in plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 85: 235-241. - Barsig, M. and Malz, R., 2000. Fine structure, carbohydrates and photosynthetic pigment of sugar maize leaves under UV-B radiation. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 43: 121-130. - Bianciotto, O.A., Pinedo, L.B., San Roman, N.A., Blessio, A.Y. and Collantes, M.B., 2003. The effect of natural UV-B radiation on a perennial Salicornia salt-marsh in Bahia San Sebastian, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina: a 3-year field study. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 70: 177-185. - Canthos, E., Espin, J.C. and Tomas-Barberan, F.A., 2002. Postharvest stilbene-enrichment of red and white table grape varieties using UV-C irradiation pulses. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(22): 6322-6329. - Costa, H., Gallego, S.M. and Tomaro, M.L., 2002. Effects of UV-B radiation on antioxidant defense system in sunflower cotyledons. Plant Science, 162(6): 939-945. - Demir, S., 2004. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza on some physiological growth parameters of pepper. Turkish Journal of Biology, 28: 85-90. - Enteshari, Sh., Kalantari, Kh., Ghorbanli, M. and Torkzadeh, M., 2005. The effect of different bands of ultraviolet radiation on pigments content in Glycine max L. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 18(1): 77-84. - Esmaielpour, B., Jalilvand, P. and Hadian, J., 2013. Effects of drought stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on some morphophysiological traits and yield of savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Journal of Agroecology, 5(2): 169-177. - Fales, F., 1979. The assimilation and degradation of carbohydrates by yeast cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193: 113-124. - Farokh, P., Mahmoodzadeh, H. and Satari, T.N., 2010. Response of seed germination of safflower to UV-B radiation. Research Journal of Environment Science, 4: 70-74. - Gao, W., Zhena, Y., Slusser, J.R. and Gordon, M., 2003. Impact of enhanced ultraviolet-B irradiance on cotton growth, development, yield, and qualities under field conditions. Agricultural and Forest Meterology, 120(5): 241-248. - Gao, W., Zheng, Y., Slusser, J.R., Heisler, G.M., Grant, R.H., Xu, J. and He, D., 2004. Effects of supplementary ultraviolet-B irradiance on maize yield and qualities: a field experiment. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 80: 127-131. - Ghahreman, A., 1996. Plant Systematics. Tehran University Press, Tehran, 856p. - Gill, S.S. and Tuteja, N., 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 48(12): 909-930. - Giordano, C.V., Mori, T., Sala, O.E., Scopel, A.L., Caldwell, M.M. and Ballare, C.L., 2003. Functional acclimation to solar UV-B radiation in Gunnera magellanica, a native plant species of southernmost Patagonia. Plant, Cell and Environment, 26(12): 2027-2036. - Greenberg, B.M., Wilson, M.I., Gerhardt, K.E. and Wilson, K.E., 1996. Morphological and physiological responses of Brassica napus to ultraviolet radiation: photomodification of ribulose 1-5-bis phosphate Carboxilase/oxygenase and potential acclimation processes. Plant Physiology, 148: 78-85. - Heath, R.L. and Packer, L., 1968. Photoperoxidation in isolate chloroplasts I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Archives in Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125: 850-857. - Helgason, T., Fitter, A.H. and Young, J.P.W., 1999. Molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonising Hyacinthoides non-scripta (bluebell) in a semi natural woodland. Molecular Ecology, 8: 659-666. - Hoagland, D.R. and Arnon, D.I., 1950. The Water-Culture Method for Growing Plants Without Soil. Colleag of Argiculture, University of California, 39p. - Hooseini Sarghein, S., Carapetian, Z. and Khara, J., 2011. The effect of ultraviolet radiation on some physiological parameters of pepper. Journal of the Plant Production, 34(2): 27-40. - Hollosy, F., 2002. Effects of ultraviolet radiation on plant cells. Micron, 33: 179-197. - Jordan, B.R., 2002. Molecular response of plant cells to UV-B stress. Functional Plant Biology, 29: 909-916. - Jung, S., 2004. Variation in antioxidant metabolism of young and mature leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to drought. Plant Science, 166: 459-466. - Kang, H.M. and Saltiveit, M.E., 2002. Chilling tolerance of maize, cucumber and rice seedling (leaves and roots) and differentially affected by salicylic acid. Physiologia Plantarum, 115: 576-577. - Katerova, Z., 2009. Prolonged influence of short pulses ultraviolet-C radiation on young pea plant does not alter important antioxidant defense enzyme activities in young leaves. Journal of Plant Physiology, 35(3-4): 134-139. - Ke-Tang, J., Zhan, H. and Yang, W.D.H., 2010. Changes of resveratrol and antioxidant enzymes during uv-induced plant defense response in peanut seedlings. Journal of Plant Physiology, 167: 95-102. - Khakpour, O., Khara, J., Kargar-Khorami, S. and Hassanzadeh, A., 2011. The effect of UV-B radiation on some growth parameters and sugar solution in flax. National Conference on Climate Change and its Impact on Agriculture and the Environment, Urmia, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of West Azarbaijan, Urmia, 28 July. - Kovacs, E. and Kereszfes, A., 2002. Effect of gamma and UV-B/C radiation on plant cells.Micron, 33: 199-210. - Landry, L., Chapple, C. and Last, R., 1995. Arabidopsis mutants lacking phenolic sunscreens exhibit enhanced ultraviolet-B injury and oxidative damage. Plant Physiology, 109: 1159-1166. - Lichtenthaler, H.K. and Wellburn, A.R., 1985. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of leaf in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions, 11: 591-592. - Lingakumar, K., Amudha, P. and Kulandaivelu, G., 1999. Exclusion of solar UV-B (280-315 nm) radiation on vegetative growth and photosynthetic activities in Vigna unguiculata L. Plant Science, 34: 97-103. - Lowry, O.J., Rosebrough, A.L. and Randall, R.J., 1951. Protein measurement with the phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193: 265-275. - Mahdavian, K., Ghorbanli, M., Kalantari, Kh.M. and Mohamadi, Gh., 2006. The effect of different bands of ultraviolet radiation on morphological and physiological parameters in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 19(1): 43-53. - Milchunas, D.G., King, J.Y., Mosier, A.R., Moore, J.C., Morgan, J.A., Quirk, M.H. and Slusser, J.R., 2004. UV radiation effects on plant growth and forage quality in a shortgrass steppe ecosystem. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 79(5): 404-410. - Mittler, R., 2002. Oxidative stress, antipxidants and stress tolerance. Trends in Plant Sciences, 7: 405-410. - Mpoloka, S.W., 2008. Effects of prolonged UVB exposure in plants. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7: 4874-4883. - Nasr Esfahani, M., 2012. Effect of drought stress on growth and antioxidant system in three chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 5(15): 111-114. - Quaggiotti, S., Trentin, A.R., Yecchia, F.D. and Ghisi, R., 2004. Response of maize (Zea mays L.) nitrate reductase to UV-B radiation. Plant Science, 167(1): 107-116. - Rahmatzadeh, S. and Khara, J., 2008. Effect of UV-C on growth and some morphological and physiological factors of colonized wheat plants by three species of mycorrhizal fungi. Iranian Journal of Biology, 21(1): 52-63. - Rodriguez, R.J., Redman, R.S. and Henson, J.M., 2004. The role of fungal symbioses in the adaptation of plants to high stress environments. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 9: 261-272. - Santhos, I., Fidalgo, F., Almeida Jose, M. and Salema, R., 2004. Biochemical andultrastructural changes in leaves of potato plants grown under sepplementary UV-B radiation. Plant Science, 167: 925-935. - Smirnoff, N., 1995. Antioxidant systems and plant response to the environment: 217-243. In: Smirnoff, N., (Ed.). Environment and Plant Metabolism: Flexibility and Acclimation. Bios scientific Publishers, Oxford, 288p. - Somner, A., Neiman, E., Steffens, J.C., Mayer, A.M. and Harel, E., 1994. Import targeting and processing of a plant polyphenol oxidase. Journal of Plant Physiology, 105: 1301-1311. - Subramanian, K.S. and Chares, C., 1998. Arbuscular mycorrhizae and nitrogen assimilation in maize after drought and recovery. Physiologia Plantarum, 102: 285-296. - Upadhyaya, A., Sankhla, D., Davis, T.D., Sankhla, N. and Smidth, B.N., 1985. Effect of paclobutrazol on the activities of some enzymes of activated oxygen metabolism and lipid peroxidation in senescing soybean leaves. Journal of Plant Physiology, 121: 453-461. - Wang, Q.F., Hou, Y.H., Miao, J.I. and Li, G.Y., 2009. Effect of UV-B radiation on the growth and antioxidant enzymes of antarctic sea ice microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L. Journal of Acta Physiology Plant, 31(6): 1097-1102. - Zhang, J. and Kirkham, M.B., 1996. Antioxidant responses to drought in sunflower and sorghum seedlings. Journal of New Phytology, 132: 361-370. - Zhu, Y.G. and Miller, R.M., 2003. Carbon cycling by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil-plant systems. Trends in plant science, 8(9): 407-509. - Zu, Y., Li, Y., Chen, J. and Chen, H., 2004. Intraspecific responses in grain quality of 10 wheat cultivars to enhanced UV-B radiation under field conditions. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 74(2-3): 95-100. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,412 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,064 |
||