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اثر محلول‌پاشی منابع مختلف روی بر عملکرد و ویژگی‌های فیتوشیمیایی گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 32، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 79، دی 1395، صفحه 743-757 اصل مقاله (498.88 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.107858 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی فلاحی1؛ عباس حسنی* 2؛ فاطمه سفیدکن3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| روی یک عنصر ریزمغذی ضروری است که نقش‌های حیاتی زیادی در گیاهان دارد. در سال‌های اخیر نانو کودهای روی به‌دلیل جذب بیشتر آنها توسط گیاه که ناشی از اندازه کوچک و نفوذ بسیار بالای آنها از طریق غشاهای سلولی است مورد توجه بسیار قرار گرفته‌اند. به‌منظور مطالعه اثر کاربرد برگی کودهای مختلف حاوی روی بر عملکرد و ویژگی‌های فیتوشیمیایی گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.)، یک آزمایش گلدانی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه ارومیه در سال 1393 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه منبع مختلف روی (سولفات روی، کلات روی و نانوکود کلات روی) در چهار مقدار (صفر، 1، 2 و 3 گرم در لیتر) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد برگی روی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری داشته است. به‌طوری که با کاربرد روی عملکرد پیکر رویشی تر و خشک، محتوای روی و فنول برگ‌ها و درصد و عملکرد اسانس افزایش یافت و از این نظر کاربرد برگی نانوکود کلات روی مؤثرتر از دو کود دیگر روی بود. کمترین و بیشترین مقادیر صفات اندازه‌گیری شده به‌ترتیب در غلظت‌های صفر و سه گرم در لیتر مشاهده شد. براساس نتایج تجزیه اسانس به‌وسیله دستگاه‌های گاز کروماتوگرافی و گاز کروماتوگرافی متصل به طیف‌سنج جرمی، 20 ترکیب در اسانس ریحان شناسایی گردید. لینالول و اوژنول اجزاء اصلی اسانس بودند که تحت تأثیر کاربرد روی تغییرات ناچیزی را نشان دادند. در مجموع یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان داد که تأثیر کاربرد نانوکود کلات روی (به‌ویژه در مقدار 3 گرم در لیتر) در افزایش عملکرد و مواد مؤثره گیاه ریحان، مؤثرتر از کودهای سولفات و کلات روی بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.)؛ نانوکود؛ روی؛ اسانس؛ فنول | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of foliar application of different zinc sources on yield and phytochemical characteristics of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Fallahi1؛ A. Hassani2؛ F. Sefidkon3 | ||
| 1Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 3Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Zinc is an essential micronutrient element and has a number of vital roles in plants. In the recent years, zinc nano-fertilizers have received considerable attention due to their increased uptake by plants as they are small in size and have high rate of penetration through plant cell membrane. To study the effect of foliar application of different zinc fertilizers on yield and phytochemical characteristics of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), a pot experiment was conducted using a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with four replications during 2014 at the experimental greenhouse of the Horticultural Sciences Department of Urmia University. The treatments were three different zinc sources (zinc sulphate, zinc chelate and nano-zinc chelate) in four concentrations (0, 1, 2 and 3g/l). The results showed that foliar application of zinc had significant effect on evaluated parameters. Fresh and dry herb yield, zinc and phenol content of leaves, essential oil content, and yield increased with zinc application and in this regard, foliar application of nano-zinc chelate was more effective than two other zinc fertilizers. The lowest and the highest evaluated parameters were observed at concentrations of 0 and 3g/l, respectively. The results of essential oil analysis by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that 20 components were identified in the basil essential oil. Linalool and eugenol were the main components of essential oil and they showed little variation under zinc application. Overall, the findings of this study showed that the effect of nano-zinc chelate application (especially at a concentration of 3g/l) was more effective than zinc sulphate and zinc chelate in increasing herb yield and active substances of basil. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), Nano-fertilizer, Zinc, essential oil, phenol | ||
| مراجع | ||
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