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مقایسه تنوع بیمهرگان لاشبرگ عرصههای جنگل طبیعی و جنگلکاریهای پهن‌برگ و سوزنی‌برگ در مازندران (مطالعه موردی: دارابکلا) | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 20، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 50، دی 1391، صفحه 538-525 اصل مقاله (280.1 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2012.107459 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| شیرزاد محمدنژاد کیاسری* 1؛ خسرو ثاقب‌طالبی2؛ رامین رحمانی3؛ دینا داستانگو4 | ||
| 1استادیار پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران | ||
| 2دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور | ||
| 3دانشیار، دانشکده علوم جنگل و فناوری چوب و کاغذ، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 4کارشناس ارشد، اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان مازندران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بااهمیتترین نقش بیمهرگان لاشبرگ، تجزیه لاشبرگها و کمک در چرخه عناصر غذایی است. این تحقیق به ارزیابی تنوع بیمهرگان لاشبرگ در عرصههای جنگل‌کاری 20 ساله توسکای ییلاقی، پلت، بلندمازو، زربین و عرصه جنگل طبیعی مجاور آنها در منطقه دارابکلا میپردازد. جهت بررسی در هر تیمار، ابتدا یک عرصه یک هکتاری تعیین و در آن ده پلات 100 مترمربعی با ابعاد شبکه 10×10 متر به‌صورت سیستماتیک تصادفی انتخاب شد. در هر فصل کلیه لاشبرگهای موجود در میکروپلاتهای یک مترمربعی جمعآوری و به آزمایشگاه منتقل گردید. در طول چهار فصل، بیمهرگان لاشبرگ در 200 میکروپلات یک مترمربعی مورد شناسایی و شمارش قرار گرفت. همچنین در هر مرحله از نمونهبرداری، متغیرهای متعددی از ویژگیهای توده، لاشبرگ و خاک اندازه‌گیری شد. تنوع بیمهرگان لاشبرگ نیز با استفاده از شاخصهای شانون و سیمپسون تعیین گردید. براساس نتایج تحقیق حاضر روند کاهش مقادیر تنوع بیمهرگان لاشبرگ (سیمپسون) به‌ترتیب شامل عرصههای جنگل‌کاری توسکا، پلت، عرصه جنگل طبیعی و جنگلکاریهای زربین و بلندمازو بوده است. همچنین تجزیه و تحلیل مؤلفههای اصلی نشان داد که تغییرات فصلی تنوع بیمهرگان لاشبرگ، تحت تأثیر متغیرهای درجه حرارت، تاج‌پوشش، شدت نور نسبی، رطوبت لاشبرگ، رطوبت خاک و مقادیر فسفر و نسبت کربن آلی بر فسفر لاشبرگ میباشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| غنا؛ یکنواختی؛ چرخه عناصر غذایی؛ توسکای ییلاقی؛ پلت؛ بلندمازو؛ زربین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation on litter invertebrates diversity at natural forests and reforestations of hardwood and softwood in Mazandaran(Case study: Darabkola) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Shirzad Mohammadnezhad Kiasari1؛ Khosro Sagheb-Talebi2؛ Ramin Rahmani3؛ Dina Dastangoo4 | ||
| 1Prof., Agricultural & Natural Resources Research Center of Mazandaran | ||
| 2Accosiate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands | ||
| 3Accosiate Prof, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Wood & Paper Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources | ||
| 4Forest Expert, Mazandaran General Office of Natural Resources and Watershed Management | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The most important role of the litter invertebrates is leaf litter decomposition and helping of nutrient elements cycling. The objective of this study was to evaluate litter invertebrates dversity within 20 years old plantations of alder (Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey.), maple (Acer velutinum Bioss.), oak (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey.), cypress (Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis) and natural forest in Darabkola (Mazandaran-Iran). For this purpose, one sample plot, each 1 ha was selected in every plantation as well as in the natural stand. In each sample plot 10 micro plots, each 100 m2 were selected random-systematically. Litter invertebrates were sampled by removing, by hand, all leaf litter in 100×100 cm quadrats. Fifty samples were taken each time and during four seasons 200 samples were taken. Invertebrates were separated out visually in the lab and transferred to 95% alchol, after sorting and counting. More over, various parameters of the stands and soils were measured in each micro plot. For determination of soil invertebrates diversity in these treatments, Shannon and Simpson indices were used, while for determination of species richness and equatibility, Margalef and Heip indices were applied. The results of this research showed that although the differences between the annual means of litter invertebrates diversity was not statistically significant in studied sites (p=0.05), but the decreasing of diversity index in these treatments was respectively as reforestations of alder, maple, natural forest with cypress and oak reforestations. Also the analysis of PCA showed that the parameters of temperature, crown canopy, relative light intensity, moisture content of soil and litter and the amount of P and C/P of litter take an important role in seasonal differences of litter invertebrates diversity in treatments. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| richness, evenness, nutrient elements cycling, ALDER, MAPLE, Oak, Cypress | ||
| مراجع | ||
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