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اثر تنش کادمیوم بر ویژگیهای جوانهزنی بذرهای تعدادی از گیاهان دارویی در شرایط آزمایشگاه | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 32، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 77، شهریور 1395، صفحه 527-542 اصل مقاله (763.69 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.106833 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آرزو اسپنانی1؛ سیف‌اله فلاح* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تاریخ کاشت بیشتر گیاهان دارویی یک‌ساله با رقابت شدید آبیاری محصولات پاییزه و بهاره همراه است. این رقابت حجم آب رودخانه را در پایین‌دست کاهش داده و در نتیجه آن غلظت فلزات سنگین ناشی از پسابهای صنعتی و شهری در آب رودخانه نیز افزایش مییابد. از این‌رو، به‌منظور بررسی تحمل برخی گیاهان دارویی بهاره به تنش کادمیوم آب آبیاری آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمارها شامل شش گیاه دارویی (خرفه، سیاهدانه، شنبلیله، شوید، زنیان و ریحان) و شش غلظت کادمیوم (5، 10، 15، 20، 25 و 30 میلیگرم در لیتر کادمیوم) به همراه شاهد (عدم کادمیوم) بودند. نتایج نشان داد اگرچه غلظت کم کادمیوم در برخی گیاهان باعث تحریک رشد گیاهچه شد ولی غلظت 30 میلیگرم بر لیتر در تمامی گیاهان باعث کاهش طول ریشهچه، طول ساقهچه، وزن خشک ریشهچه و وزن خشک ساقهچه و شاخص بنیه بذر گردید. البته درصد و سرعت جوانهزنی به‌طور قابل ملاحظهای تحت تأثیر کادمیوم قرار نگرفت. در این ارتباط گیاه شنبلیله، سیاهدانه و شوید بیشترین حساسیت را به سمّیت کادمیوم نشان دادند. در گیاه شنبلیله و زنیان طول ساقهچه بیشتر از طول ریشهچه تحت تأثیر کادمیوم کاهش یافت و در این دو گیاه طول ساقهچه به‌عنوان شاخص حساسیت تعیین شد. در حالیکه در گیاه شوید، ریحان، خرفه و سیاهدانه طول ریشهچه بیشتر از طول ساقهچه کاهش یافت و به‌عنوان شاخص حساسیت منظور گردید. به‌طور کلی از لحاظ طول ریشهچه شوید حساسترین و ریحان متحملترین گونه به سمّیت کادمیوم بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آلودگی؛ گیاهچه؛ سمّیت؛ تحمل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of cadmium stress on seeds germination characteristics of some medicinal plants under in vitro conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Spanany1؛ S. Fallah2 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Student of Seed Science and Technology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Planting date of most annual medicinal species is associated with severe irrigation competition of winter and spring crops. This competition reduces the volume of river water in downstream and consequently the concentration of heavy metals caused by industrial and municipal wastewater is increased in the river. Therefore, in order to investigate the tolerance of some spring medicinal plants to the cadmium stress of irrigation water, a factorial experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with four replications. Treatments consisted of six medicinal plants (Portulaca oleracea L., Nigella sativa, Trigonella foenum, Anethum graveolens, Carum copticum and Ocimum basilicum) and cadmium at six levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg) plus control (no cadmium). The results showed that although low concentrations of cadmium in some plants stimulated the growth of seedlings, a concentration of 30 milligrams per liter in all plants reduced the radicle and plumule length and radicle and plumule weight as well as seed vigor index. Germination percentage and rate were not substantially affected by cadmium. In this regard, fenugreek, black cumin, and dill showed the most sensitivity to cadmium toxicity. In fenugreek and ajowan plants, the plumule length was more affected by cadmium and plumule length was determined as a sensitivity index. However, for dill, purslane, basil, and black cumin plants, the radicle length was more affected and it was determine as a sensitivity index. Overall, in terms of root length, dill and basil were identified as the most sensitive and the most tolerant species to the cadmium toxicity, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Pollution, Seedling, Toxicity, tolerance | ||
| مراجع | ||
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