| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,785 |
| تعداد مقالات | 31,680 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 40,111,652 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 17,605,214 |
اثر تنش کادمیوم بر ویژگیهای جوانهزنی بذرهای تعدادی از گیاهان دارویی در شرایط آزمایشگاه | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 32، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 77، شهریور 1395، صفحه 527-542 اصل مقاله (763.69 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.106833 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آرزو اسپنانی1؛ سیف‌اله فلاح* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تاریخ کاشت بیشتر گیاهان دارویی یک‌ساله با رقابت شدید آبیاری محصولات پاییزه و بهاره همراه است. این رقابت حجم آب رودخانه را در پایین‌دست کاهش داده و در نتیجه آن غلظت فلزات سنگین ناشی از پسابهای صنعتی و شهری در آب رودخانه نیز افزایش مییابد. از این‌رو، به‌منظور بررسی تحمل برخی گیاهان دارویی بهاره به تنش کادمیوم آب آبیاری آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمارها شامل شش گیاه دارویی (خرفه، سیاهدانه، شنبلیله، شوید، زنیان و ریحان) و شش غلظت کادمیوم (5، 10، 15، 20، 25 و 30 میلیگرم در لیتر کادمیوم) به همراه شاهد (عدم کادمیوم) بودند. نتایج نشان داد اگرچه غلظت کم کادمیوم در برخی گیاهان باعث تحریک رشد گیاهچه شد ولی غلظت 30 میلیگرم بر لیتر در تمامی گیاهان باعث کاهش طول ریشهچه، طول ساقهچه، وزن خشک ریشهچه و وزن خشک ساقهچه و شاخص بنیه بذر گردید. البته درصد و سرعت جوانهزنی به‌طور قابل ملاحظهای تحت تأثیر کادمیوم قرار نگرفت. در این ارتباط گیاه شنبلیله، سیاهدانه و شوید بیشترین حساسیت را به سمّیت کادمیوم نشان دادند. در گیاه شنبلیله و زنیان طول ساقهچه بیشتر از طول ریشهچه تحت تأثیر کادمیوم کاهش یافت و در این دو گیاه طول ساقهچه به‌عنوان شاخص حساسیت تعیین شد. در حالیکه در گیاه شوید، ریحان، خرفه و سیاهدانه طول ریشهچه بیشتر از طول ساقهچه کاهش یافت و به‌عنوان شاخص حساسیت منظور گردید. به‌طور کلی از لحاظ طول ریشهچه شوید حساسترین و ریحان متحملترین گونه به سمّیت کادمیوم بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آلودگی؛ گیاهچه؛ سمّیت؛ تحمل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of cadmium stress on seeds germination characteristics of some medicinal plants under in vitro conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Spanany1؛ S. Fallah2 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Student of Seed Science and Technology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Planting date of most annual medicinal species is associated with severe irrigation competition of winter and spring crops. This competition reduces the volume of river water in downstream and consequently the concentration of heavy metals caused by industrial and municipal wastewater is increased in the river. Therefore, in order to investigate the tolerance of some spring medicinal plants to the cadmium stress of irrigation water, a factorial experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with four replications. Treatments consisted of six medicinal plants (Portulaca oleracea L., Nigella sativa, Trigonella foenum, Anethum graveolens, Carum copticum and Ocimum basilicum) and cadmium at six levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg) plus control (no cadmium). The results showed that although low concentrations of cadmium in some plants stimulated the growth of seedlings, a concentration of 30 milligrams per liter in all plants reduced the radicle and plumule length and radicle and plumule weight as well as seed vigor index. Germination percentage and rate were not substantially affected by cadmium. In this regard, fenugreek, black cumin, and dill showed the most sensitivity to cadmium toxicity. In fenugreek and ajowan plants, the plumule length was more affected by cadmium and plumule length was determined as a sensitivity index. However, for dill, purslane, basil, and black cumin plants, the radicle length was more affected and it was determine as a sensitivity index. Overall, in terms of root length, dill and basil were identified as the most sensitive and the most tolerant species to the cadmium toxicity, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Pollution, Seedling, Toxicity, tolerance | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Ahmad, I., Akhtar, M.J., Asghar, H.N. and Zahir, Z.A., 2013. Comparative efficacy of growth media in causing cadmium toxicity to wheat at seed germination stage. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 15(3): 517-522. - Alvarenga, P., Goncalves, A.P., Fernandes, R.M., de Varennes, A., Vallini, G., Duarte, E. and Cunha-Queda, A.C., 2009. Organic residues as immobilizing agents in aided phyto-stabilization: (I) effect on soil chemical characteristics. Chemosphere, 74(10): 1292-1300. - Astolfi, S., Zuchi, S., Chiani, C. and Passera, C., 2003. In vivo and in vitro effects of cadmium on H+ATPase activity of plasma membrane vesicles from oat (Avena sativa L.) roots. Journal of Plant Physiology, 160(4): 387-393. - Aycicek, M., Kaplan, O. and Yaman, M., 2008. Effect of cadmium on germination, seedling growth and metal contents of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). Asian Journal of Chemistry, 20(4): 2663-2672. - Cheikh-Rouhoua, S., Besbesa, S., Lognayb, G., Bleckerc, C., Deroannec, C. and Attia, H., 2007. Chemical composition and lipid fraction characteristics of aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) seed cultivated in Tunisia. Food Science and Technology International, 15(5): 407-416. - Cheng, Y. and Zhou, Q.X., 2002. Ecological toxicity of reactive X-3B red dye and cadmium acting on wheat (Triticum aestivum). Journal of Environmental Sciences, 14(1): 136-140. - Choudhury, S. and Panda, S.K., 2004. Role of salicylic acid in regulating cadmium induced oxidative stress in (Oryza Sativa L.) roots. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 30(3-4): 95-110. - Curguz, V.G., Raicevic, V. Veselinovic, M., Tabakovic-Tosic, M. and Vilotic, D., 2012. Influence of heavy metals on seed germination and growth of Picea abies L. Karst. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 21(2): 355-361. - Das, P., Samantaray, S. and Rout, G.R., 1997. Studies on cadmium toxicity in plants: a review. Environmental Pollution, 98(1): 29-36. - Duke, J.A., 2001. Hand Book of Medicinal Herbs. CRC press, 896p. - Faizan, S., Kausar S. and Perveen, R., 2011. Varietal differences for cadmium-induced seedling mortality, foliar toxicity symptoms, plant growth, proline and nitrate reductase activity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L). Biology and Medicine, 3(2): 196-206. - Gadallah, M.A.A., 1995. Effects of cadmium and kinetin on chlorophyll content, saccharides and dry matter accumulation in sunflower plants. Biologia Plantarum, 37(2): 233-240. - Gaetke, L.M. and Chow, C.K., 2003. Copper toxicity, oxidative stress and antioxidant nutrients. Toxicology, 189: 147-163. - Gali-Muhtasib, H., Diab-Assaf, M. Boltze, C., - Gouia, H., Ghorbal, M.H. and Meyer, C., 2000. Effects of cadmium on activityof nitrate reductase and on other enzymes of the nitrate assimilationpathway in bean. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 38: 629-638. - Groppa, M.D., Zawoznik, M.S., Tomaro, M.L. and Benavides, M.P., 2008. Inhibition of root growth and polyamine metabolism in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings under cadmium and copper stress. Biological Trace Element Research, 126(1-3): 246-256. - Gülçin, I., Topal, F., Çakmakçı, R., Bilsel, M., Gören, A.C. and Erdogan, U., 2011. Pomological features, nutritional quality, polyphenol content analysis and antioxidant properties of domesticated and three wild ecotype forms of raspberries (Rubus ideus L.). Journal of Food Science, 76(4): C585-C593. - Hatata, M.M. and Abdel-Aal, E.A., 2008. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms in response to cadmium treatments. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultureand Environment Science, 4(6): 655-669. - Heim, K.E., Tagliaffero, A.R. and Bobilya, D.J., 2002. Flavonoid antioxidants: chemistery, metabolism and structure- activity relationships. The journal of nutritional Biochemistery, 13: 572-585. - Ikic, I., Maric evic, M., Tomasovic, S., Gunjaca, J., Satovic, Z. and Sarcevic, H., 2012. The effect of germination temperature on seed dormancy in Croatian-grown winter wheat. Euphytica, 188(1): 25-34. - ISTA (International Seed Testing Association), 2009. International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association, Bassersdorf, Switzerland. - Kalai, T., Khamassi, K., Teixeira da Silva, J.A., Gouia, H. and Ben-Kaab, L.B., 2014. Cadmium and copper stress affect seedling growth and enzymatic activities in germinating barley seeds. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 60(6): 765-783. - Kalsa, K.K. and Abebie, B., 2012. Influence of seed priming on seed germination and vigor traits of Vicia villosa ssp. dasycarpa (Ten.). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(21): 3202-3208. - Karcz, W. and Kurtyka, R., 2007. Effect of cadmium on growth, proton extrusion and membrane potential in maize coleoptile segments. Biologia Plantarum, 51: 713-719. - Kotowski, F., 1926. Temperature relation to germination of vegetable seed. Proceeding of the American Society Horticulture Science, 23: 179-184. - Liu, T.T., Wu, P., Wang, L.H. and Zhou, Q., 2011. Response of soybean seed germination to cadmium and acid rain. Biological Trace Element Research, 144(1-3): 1186-1196. - Liu, Z., He, X. Chen, W. and Zhao, M., 2013. Ecotoxicological responses of three ornamental herb species to cadmium. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 32(8): 1746-1751. - Malhotra, S.K. and Vashishtha, B.B., 2005. Effect of seed rate and row spacing on growth, yield and essential oil of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L.) genotype. Indian Journal of Arecanut, Spices and Medicinal Plants, 7(1): 18-20. - Mandegary, A., Pournamdari, M., Sharififar, F., Pournourmohammadi, S.H., Fardiar, R. and Shooli, S., 2012. Alkaloid and flavonoid rich fractions of fenugreek seeds (trigonella foenum-graecum L.) with ntinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. Journal Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50: 2503-2507. - Mirzaee, A., Mohammadi, G. Mirzaee, N. and Mirzaee, M., 2011. Evaluation of the antioxidant and total polyphenol extract hydroalcoll of Sisymbrium sophia, Plantago major L., Carum copticum, Coriandrum sativum and Trigonella foenum. Fasa University of Medical Sciences, 3: 104. - Moreau, A.G. and Savage, G.P., 2009. Oxalate content of purslane leaves and the effect of combining them with yoghurt or coconut products. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 22: 303-306. - Mousavi, Gh.R., Seghat Alislami, M.J. and Puyan, M., 2012. The effect of planting date and plant density on yield and its components Fleawort (Plantago psyllium L.) plants. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 27(4): 681-699. - Mudipalli, A., 2008. Metals (micro nutrients or toxicants) and global health. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 128: 331-334. - Pavlovkin, J., Luxová, M., Mistríková, I. and Mistrík, I., 2006. Short-and longterm effects of cadmium on transmembrane electric potential (Em) in maize roots. Biologia, 61(1): 109-114. - Perveen, A., Wahid, A. and Javed, F., 2011. Varietal differences in spring and autumn sown maize - Rahoui, S., Chaoui, A. and El Ferjani, E., 2010. Membrane damage and solute leakage from germinating pea seed under cadmium stress. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 178(1): 1128-1131. - Rajesh, M., Nagarajan, A., Perumal S. and Sellamuthu, M., 2008. The antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging potential of two different solvent extracts of Camellia sinensis, Ficus bengalensis and Ficus racemosa. Food Chemistry, 107:1000-1007. - Rascio, N. and Navari-Izzo, F., 2011. Heavy metal hyperaccumulating plants: How and why do they do it? And what makes them so interesting? Plant Science, 180(2): 169-181. - Sakihama, Y. and Yamasaki, H., 2002. Lipid peroxidation induces by phenolics in cinjunction with aluminium ions. Biologia Plantarum, 45(2): 249-254. - Sanchez-Chardi, A., Ribeiro, C.A.O. and Nadal, J., 2009. Metals in liver and kidneys and the effects of chronic exposure to pyrite mine pollution in the shrew Crocidura russula inhabiting the protected wetland of Donana. Chemosphere, 76(3): 387-394. - Simopoulos, A.P., Norman, H.A. Gillaspy, J.E. and Duke, J.A., 1992. Common purslane: A source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 11(4):374-382. - Soran, M.L., Cobzac Codruta, S., Varodi, C., Lung, I., Surducan, E. and Surducan, V., 2009. The extraction and chromatographic determination of the essentials oils from Ocimum basilicum L. by different techniques. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 182(1): 012-016. - Vijayaragavan, M., Prabhahar, C., Sureshkumar, J., Natarajan, A., Vijayarengan, P. and Sharavanan, S., 2011. Toxic effect of cadmium on seed germination, growth and biochemical contents of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) plants. International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 1(5): 01-06. - Wadikar, D.D. and Premavalli, K.S., 2012. Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) munch: A shelf stable ready-to-eat appetizer, its development and storage. International Food Research Journal, 19(1): 321-325. - Wang, M.E. and Zhou, Q.X., 2005. Single and joint toxicity of chlorimuronethyl, cadmium, and copper acting on wheat Triticum aestivum. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 60(2):169-175. - White, P.J. and Brown, P.H., 2010. Plant nutrition for sustainable development and global health. Annals of Botany, 105(7): 1073-1080. - Zhou, Q.X., 2003. Interaction between heavy metals and nitrogen fertilizers applied in soil-vegetable systems. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 71(2): 338-344. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,000 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 785 |
||