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بررسی ساختار جوامع و تنوع گونه‌ای علفهایهرز مزارع چغندرقند استان کرمانشاه | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 32، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1395، صفحه 75-86 اصل مقاله (1.01 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کامل علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2016.106071 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عبدالرضا احمدی* 1؛ سیده فریبا خاموشی2؛ مژگان ویسی3 | ||
| 1استادیاردانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان | ||
| 2دانشجو کارشناسی ارشدعلف هرزدانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان | ||
| 3استادیار بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور شناسایی و تعیین پوشش علفهرز مزارع چغندرقند استان کرمانشاه، 92 مزرعه چغندرقند درپنج شهرستان این استان در سال زراعی 1393 انتخاب و در دو مرحله نمونهبرداری( نیمه دوم اردیبهشت و اواخر شهریور ماه) و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. با شمارش علفهایهرز به تفکیک جنس و گونه، شاخص‌های جمعیتی آنها محاسبه شد. برای تمامی مزارع طول و عرض جغرافیایی و ارتفاع از سطح دریا توسط دستگاه GPS ثبت گردید. در اقلیم‌های مختلف این استان 85 گونه علفهرز متعلق به 31 خانواده گیاهی در مزارع چغندرقند شناسایی شد. علفهایهرز پهن برگ غالب مزارع چغندرقند طی مرحله نمونهبرداری ابتدای فصل ( نیمه دوم اردیبهشت) به ترتیب اهمیت عبارت بودند از سلمه‌تره(L Chenopodium album) و پیچکصحرایی( Convolvulus arvensis L)، به ترتیب با شاخص غالبیت 22/189 و 09/124 و در نمونهبرداری انتهای فصل رشد( اواخر شهریور) علفهایهرز پهن برگ غالب سلمه‌تره( C. album)، تاج خروس (Amaranthus viridisL )، پیچکصحرایی( C. arvensis) و توق( (Xanthium strumarium L بودند که به ترتیب شاخص غالبیت 92/207، 194، 22/111 و 93/107 را داشتند. علاوه بر این، علفهرز چسبک (Setaria viridis ( L) P. Beauv ) بهعنوان باریک برگ غالب مزرعه چغندرقند بود که به ترتیب در نمونهبرداری ابتدا و انتهای فصل رشد شاخص غالبیت 73/79 و 35/176 را دارا بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| شاخص غالبیت؛ فراوانی؛ مراحل رویشی؛ میانگین تراکم | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study of the weeds population structure and diversity in sugar beet fields in Kermanshah Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Abdol reza Ahmadi1؛ seyede fariba khamoushi2؛ M. Vassi3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor of Weeds Science, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Iran | ||
| 2M.S student of weed Science, Lorestan University, Khoramabd, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor of Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to identify and determine weed population in sugar beet fields, 92 fields from five counties of Kermanshah province in Iran were selected and evaluated at two growing stages (early May and late September) in 2014. The weed population indices were calculated by counting the number of weeds separated on othe basis of genus and species. For all fields, the latitude, longitude and altitude were recorded using GPS device. Eighty-five weed species belonging to 31 families were identified in different sugar beet fields. The dominant broad-leaf weeds identified at the beginning of the growing season (first sampling stage) were lamb's quarters (Chenopodium album L.) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) with 189.22 and 124.09% dominance index, respectively, whereas at the second sampling (late September), the dominant broad-leaf weeds identified were lamb's quarters (Chenopodium album L.), pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), and cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) with 207.92, 194, 111.22, and 107.93% dominance index, respectively. Green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.) was the dominant narrow-leaf weed in both samplings at the beginning and end of the growing season with 79.73 and 176.35% dominance index, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Dominance index, Frequency, Field density, Growing stages | ||
| مراجع | ||
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