| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,909 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,812 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 43,140,916 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 19,712,882 |
واسنجی دستگاه بهسوختسنج در ارزیابی مقدار سوخت چوبی در ایران (مطالعه موردی جنگلکاریهای کاج تدا در مناطق جنگلی لاکان رشت) | ||
| تحقیقات حمایت و حفاظت جنگلها و مراتع ایران | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 13، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 26، اسفند 1394، صفحه 87-96 اصل مقاله (491.27 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfrpr.2016.106017 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مسعود امین املشی* 1؛ مهرداد قدس خواه2؛ امیر اسلام بنیاد3؛ حسن پوربابایی3؛ مصطفی جعفری4؛ وحید غلامی2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای دانشگاه گیلان، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گیلان، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گیلان، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اندازهگیری مقدار سوخت چوبی افتاده با تغییراتی بر خطنمونه برای اولین بار به نام خطنمونه Brown مطرح شد و از بهسوختسنج (go/no go gauge) به‌عنوان وسیلهای برای اندازهگیری دقیق مقدار سوخت چوبی در کلاسهای مختلف قطری در بستر جنگل استفاده شد. ارزیابی مقدار سوخت یک نیاز ضروریست که باید در بررسی میزان سوختهای خطرآفرین در سراسر دنیا، به‌عنوان یک مقوله جدید در مدیریت آتشسوزی جنگلهای ایران نیز نهادینه شود. برای معرفی و کاربرد بهسوختسنج در برآورد مقدار سوخت چوبی در ایران، مواد سوختنی بخشی از مناطق جنگل‌کاری گیلان (جنگلکاریهای کاج تدا) برای واسنجی و بکارگیری این وسیله ارزیابی شد. برای این منظور با آماربرداری منظم- تصادفی و استفاده از خطنمونه، قطعات چوبی مرده در بستر جنگل توسط خطکش و بهسوختسنج اندازهگیری و مقایسه شدند. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که بهسوختسنج ضمن راحتی و آسانی در اندازهگیری سوخت، از کارایی بالا برای ارزیابی و برآورد مقدار سوخت چوبی برخوردار است؛ اگرچه اختلاف معنیداری از نظر مقدار سوخت محاسبه شده توسط بهسوختسنج (21/5 تن در هکتار) و اندازهگیری مستقیم آن توسط خطکش (02/5 تن در هکتار) در سطح 95 درصد وجود ندارد. البته به لحاظ سرعت اندازهگیری نیز، نتایج نشان داد که بهسوختسنج میتواند زمان اندازهگیریها را بیش از یکسوم کاهش دهد، که این زمان از نظر هزینههای آماربرداری قابل توجه خواهد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آتشسوزی جنگل؛ بهسوختسنج؛ جنگلکاریهای گیلان؛ مقدار سوخت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Calibration Instruments go/no go gauge in assessing the fuel Load of wood in the Iran (Case Study Loblolly pine forestation in Lakan city Rasht Forest of Gilan) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masoud Amin Amlashi1؛ Mehrdad Ghodskhaا2؛ Amir Islam Bonyad3؛ Hasan Pourbabaei3؛ Mostafa Jafari4؛ Vahid Gholami2 | ||
| 1Phd Student of Gilan university, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Gilan, Someesara, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Gilan, Someesara, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Prof., Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Measure the fuel load of down woody debris with changes Line intersect sampling were proposed by Brown for the first time in 1974, and were used the go/no go gauge as a means to accurately measure the fuel load wood in different classes diameter in the floor of forest. Evaluation of fuel load is critical need to reduce hazardous fuels around the world, which should be a new category to be used the management of wildfires in Iran. For the introduction and use of the go/no go gauge on the estimated fuel load of down woody in Iran forest''s, Combustible materials from the part of Gilan forestation (Loblolly pine forestation) was evaluated for the calibration. For this purpose Were compared down woody debris on the forest floor with ruler and go/no go gauge by using Line intersect sampling in the systematic random sampling method. The results show that the go/no go gauge measures too quickly and easily the forest fuel, in addition to has high efficiency in the evaluation and assessment of fuel load of down woody; so there is no significant difference in the amount of calculated fuel load at 95 percent by the go/no go gauge (5.21 t/h) and the ruler (5.02 t/h). In terms of speed measurement the results showed that the go/no go gauge can lower the more than one third the measure times, that this times will be noticeable in terms of inventory costs. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| wild fire, go/no go gauge, Gilan forestations, fuel load | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
-Amato, A., Lightfoot, D. and Pease, P., 2011. Scope of services for the estancia basin watershed health, restoration, and monitoring project post-fire monitoring study. SWCA® Environmental Consultants, Project No. 12996, Mountainair, New Mexico 87036, 45p.
-Anonymus, 2013. Monitoring hazardous fuels treatments. Southeast Regional Field Guide US Fish and Wildlife Service, 56p.
-Behjou, F.K. and Mollabashi, O.G., 2013. Assessment of coarse woody debris following selective logging in Caspian forests: implications for conservation and management. Journal of Forest Science, 59 (3): 117–124. -Bihamta, M.R. and Zare Chahouki, M.A., 2011. Principles of statistics for the natural resources science. University of Tehran Press 2924, 300p.
-Brown, J.K., 1974. Handbook for inventorying downed woody material. Intermoutian Forest and Range experment Station, Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture Ogden, Utah 84401 Roger R. Bay, Director, 24p.
-Brown, J.K., Oberheu, R.D. and Johnston, C.M., 1982. Handbook for inventorying surface fuels and biomass in the interior west. (USDA) United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station Ogden, UT 84401, General Technical Report INT-129, 48p.
-Brown J.K., Reinhardt E.D. and Kramer K.A., 2003. Coarse woody debris: Managing benefits and fire hazard in the recovering forest. (USDA) United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-105, Publications Distribution Rocky Mountain Research Station 240 W. Prospect Road Fort Collins, CO 80526-2098, 16p.
-Ewell, M.C., 2006. Methods and modeling equations to quantify the litter layer of coniferous Forests in California National Forests. Publisher Humboldt State University, 154p.
-GavazziA M. J. and McNultyA S. G., 2013. The influence of prescribed fire and burn interval on fuel loads in four North Carolina forest ecosystems. Proceedings of 4th Fire Behavior and Fuels Conference, February 18–22, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA Published by the International Association of Wildland Fire, Missoula, Montana, USA, 26-48. -Golbabaei, F., Hosseinkhani, H., Kargarfard, A., Nourbakhsh, A., Haji Hussain, R. and Fakhrian, A., 2012. Physical and mechanical properties of wood species Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in northern habitats. Iran Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, (27) 1: 177-187. -Gould, J., 2006. Fuel management—an integral part of fire management: trans-tasman perspective, fuels management—how to measure success: Conference Proceedings, Portland, OR, (USDA) United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings, RMRS, 17-28.
- Kazanis, D., Xanthopoulos G. and Arianoutsou M., 2012. Understory fuel load estimation along two post-fire chronosequences of Pinus halepensis Mill. Forests in Central Greece. Journal of Forest Research, 17: 105–109.
-Keane R.E. and Dickinson L. J., 2007. The photoload sampling technique: estimating surface fuel loadings from downward-looking photographs of synthetic fuelbeds. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-190, 44p.
-Kidnie, S.M., Wotton, B.M. and Droog, W.N. 2010. Field guide for predicting fire behavior in Ontario’s tall grass prairie. University of Toronto, Elgin County Faculty of Forestry, 65p. -Lutes, D.C., Keane R.E., Caratti, J.F., Key, C.H., Benson, N.C., Sutherland, S. and Gangi, L.J. 2006. Fuel load sampling method. Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-164-CD. U.D. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fort Collins, CO. 1 CD.
-Parresol, B.R., Shea, D. and Ottmar R., 2006. Creating a fuels baseline and establishing fire frequency relationships to develop a landscape management strategy at the Savannah River site. Fuels Management-How to Measure Success: Conference Proceedings. 28-30 March 2006; Portland, OR. Proceedings RMRS-P-41. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 351-366. -Penny J.W., Penman S.H, and Bradstock R.A., 2012. A comparison of bushfire fuel hazard assessors and assessment methods in dry sclerophyll forest near Sydney, Australia. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 21 (6), 755-763.
-Sandberg, D.V., Ottmar, R.D. and Cushon, G.H., 2001. Characterizing fuels in the 21st century. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10: 381–387.
-Sefidi, K. and Marvie Mohadjer, M.R., 2010. Characteristics of coarse woody debris in successional stages of natural beech (Fagus orientalis) forests of Northern Iran. Journal of Forest Science, 56, (1): 7–17.
-Scott, Joe H. 2012. Introduction to Wildfire Behavior Modeling. National Interagency Fuels, Fire, & Vegetation Technology Transfer. 149p. Available: www.niftt.gov.
-Van Wagner C.E., 1982. Practical aspects of the line intersect method. Minister of Supply and Services Canada, Catalogue No. Fo46, ISSN 0706-1854, ISBN 0-662-11816-2, 11p.
-Van Wagtendonk, J. W., 1996. Use of a deterministic fire growth model to test fuel treatments. Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project: Final report to Congress, Assessments and scientific basis for management options, Davis: University of California, Centers for Water and Wild land Resources, (2):1155-1165.
-Westfall, J.A. and Woodall, C.W., 2007. Measurement repeatability of a large-scale inventory of forest fuels. Forest Ecology and Management, 253: 171–176.
-Zobeiri, M., 2002. Forest biometry. Tehran University Press 2561, 411p. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,758 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,115 |
||