| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,846 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,300 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 41,387,071 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 18,562,163 |
ارزیابی میزان پارازیتیسم تخم بید گوجه‌فرنگی Tuta absoluta توسط جمعیت‌های بومی زنبور Trichogramma brassicae در شرایط آزمایشگاه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 3، شماره 2، اسفند 1394، صفحه 109-122 اصل مقاله (221.58 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2016.105940 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیده راضیه احمدی پور1؛ جهانشیر شاکرمی* 2؛ شهرام فرخی2؛ شهریار جعفری2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد | ||
| 2هیات علمی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بید گوجه‌فرنگیTuta absoluta یکی از آفات مهم گوجه‌فرنگی در بسیاری از نقاط دنیاست که همه‌ی مراحل رشدی گیاه میزبان را مورد حمله قرار داده و در صورت عدم کنترل به نابودی کامل محصول منجر خواهد شد. یکی از روش‌های کنترل این آفت، استفاده از عوامل کنترل بیولوژیک از جمله زنبورهای Trichogramma (Hym: Trichogrammatidae) می‌باشد. در این بررسی میزان پذیرش و پارازیتیسم تخم T. absolutaتوسط شش جمعیت بومی زنبور Trichogramma brassicae درشرایط آزمایشگاه (1±25 درجه‌ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی10±70 درصد، دوره‌ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی) مقایسه شد. آزمایشها با استفاده از گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی رقم نانهمز 6189 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 12 تکرار انجام شد. برای هر جمعیت، زنبورهای ماده جفت‌گیری کرده با طول عمر کمتر از 24 ساعت، به‌صورت انفرادی روی برگچههای حاوی30 عدد تخم تازهی بید گوجه‌فرنگی (به‌صورت مساوی، 15 عدد در هریک از سطوح برگ) به‌مدت 24 ساعت درون ظروف پلاستیکی استوانهای شکل (5/8×11 سانتیمتر) قرار داده شدند. سپس برگها به‌مدت پنج روز در اتاق حرارت ثابت نگهداری و میزان پارازیتیسم تخمT. absoluta توسط جمعیت‌های بومی T. brassicae تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد میزان پذیرش و پارازیتیسم تخم بید گوجه‌فرنگی توسط جمعیت‌های بومی زنبور T. brassicae به‌صورت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر تفاوت دارد. بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین درصد پارازیتیسم به‌میزان 34/9±89/53 و 05/4±94/6 به‌ترتیب مربوط به جمعیت‌های بابلسر و صومعه‌سرا بود. میانگین درصد پارازیتیسم تخم‌های T. absoluta توسط هر یک از جمعیت‌های زنبور در سطوح رویی و زیرین برگ تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پارازیتیسم؛ Trichogramma brassicae؛ بیدگوجهفرنگی؛ کنترل بیولوژیک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Trichogramma brassicae native populations as egg parasitoid of tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in the laboratory conditions | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a devastating pest of tomato worldwide, originating from South America. As the key pest of tomato, it occurs in all stages of host plant and its damage and leads to the total destruction of the product. One of the control measures of T. absoluta is the use of biological control agents, such as Trichogramma wasp (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) as the egg parasitoid. Laboratory tests were undertaken to evaluate the potential of six populations of T. brassicae to control T. absoluta. A completely randomized design with 12 replications was employed to evaluate treatments. Tomato (cv. Nanhemz 6189) was used as host plant and all experiments were carried out at 25±1˚C, 70±10%RH and 16:8h (L:D). Mated Trichogramma females aged 12-24h, were placed individually on an infested tomato leaflet harbouring 30 T. absoluta fresh eggs (15 eggs in both sides of leaves) in a plastic glass (11×8.5cm). The parasitoid wasps were then removed from the glass after 24 hours. After five days the parasitized eggs were counted and the parasitism rate of T. absoluta eggs by T. brassicae populations was compared. The highest and lowest parasitism rate was achieved as 53.89±9.34 and 6.94±4.05 percent for Baboulsar and Some-e Sara populations, respectively. In addition, the average of T. absoluta eggs parasitized by T. brassicae populations was not significantly different on the both sides of tomato leaves. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Parasitism, Trichogramma brassicae, Tuta absoluta, biological control | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Bai, B., Luck, R.F., Forster, L., Stephens, B. & Janssen, J.A.M. 1992. The effect of host size on quality attributes of the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma pretiosum. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 64: 37-48. Bai, B., obanolu, S. & Smith, S.M. 1995. Assessment of Trichogramma species for biological control of forest lepidopteran defoliators. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 75: 135-143. Baniameri, V. & Cheraghian, A. 2012. The first report and control strategies of Tuta absoluta in Iran. Eppo Bulletin, 42(2): 322-324. Braham, M. & Hajji, L. 2011. Management of Tuta absoluta (Lep.: Gelechiidae) with insecticides on tomatoes. Insecticides-Pest Engineering: ISBN: 978-953-307-895-3. Cabello, T., Gallego, J.R., Vila, E., Soler, A., Del Pino, M., Carnero, A., Hernandez-Suarez, E. & Polaszek, A. 2009. Biological control of the south american tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Lep., Gelechiidae), with releases of Trichogramma achaeae (Hym., Trichogrammatidae) in tomato greenhouses of Spain. Proceedings of the IOBC/WPRS working group" Integrated control in protected crops". Crete, Greece, 6-11 September 2009. International organization for biological and integrated control of noxious animals and plants (IOBC/OILB), West palaearctic regional section (WPRS/SROP), pp. 225-230. Cabello, T., Gamez, M., Varga, Z., Garay, J., Carreno, R. , Gallego, J.R., Fernandez, F.J. & Vila, E. 2012. Selection of Trichogramma spp. (Hym., Trichogrammatidae) for the biological control of Tuta absoluta (Lep., Gelechiidae) in greenhouses by an entomo-ecological simulation model. Integrated Control in Protected Crops, Mediterranean Climate Bulletin, 80: 171-176. Cascone, P., Carpenito, S., Slotsbo, S., Iodice, L., Sørensen, J.G., Holmstrup, M. & Guerrieri, E. 2015. Improving the efficiency of Trichogramma achaeae to control Tuta absoluta. BioControl, 60(6): 761-771. Chailleux, A., Desneux, N., Seguret, J., Do Thi Khanh, H. & Maignet, P. 2012. Assessing European egg parasitoids as a mean of controlling the invasive South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta. Plos One, 7(10): e48068. Chailleux, A., Desneux, N., Arnó, J. & Gabarra, R. 2014. Biology of two key palaearctic larval ectoparasitoids when parasitizing the invasive pest Tuta absoluta. Journal of Pest Science, 87(3): 441-448. Channarayappa, C., Shivashankar, G., Muniyappa, V. & Frist, R. H. 1992. Resistance of Lycopersicon species to Bemisia tabaci, a tomato leaf curl virus vector. Canadian Journal of Botany, 70: 2184-2192. Chassain, C. & Bouletreau, M. 1991. Genetic-variability in quantitative traits of host exploitation in Trichogramma (Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae). Genetica, 83: 195-202. Chau, A. & Mackauer, M. 2001. Preference of the aphid parasitoid Monoctonus paulensis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) for different aphid species: female choice and offspring survival. Biological Control, 20: 30–38. Cherif, A. & Kaouthar, L.G. 2013. Trichogramma cacoeciae as a biological control agent of the tomato pinworm Tuta absolutain Northeastern Tunisia. Entomologia Hellenica, 22: 35-42. Desneux, N., Wajnberg, E., Wyckhuys, K.A.G., Burgio, G., Arpaia, S., Narva´ez-Vasquez, C.A., Gonza´lez-Cabrera, J., Catala´n Ruescas, D., Tabone, E., Frandon, J., Pizzol, J., Poncet, C., Cabello, T. & Urbaneja, A. 2010. Biological invasion of European tomato crops by Tuta absoluta: Ecology, history of invasion and prospects for biological control. Journal of Pest Science, 83, 197-215. Desneux, N., Barta, R.J., Hoelmer, K.A., Hopper, K.R. & Heimpel, G.E. 2009. Multifaceted determinants of host specificity in an aphid parasitoid. Oecologia, 160: 387–398. Dijken, M.J. van., Kole, M., Lenteren, J.C. van. & Brand, A.M. 1986. Host-preference studieswith Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) for Mamestra brassicae,Pieris brassicae and Pieris rapae. Journal of Applied Entomology, 101: 64-85. El-Arnaouty, S.A., Pizzol, J., Galal, H.H., Kortam, M.N., Afifi, A.I., Beyssat, V., Desneux, N., Biondi A. & Heikal, I.H. 2014. Assessment of two Trichogramma species for the control of Tuta absoluta in North African tomato greenhouses. African Entomology, 22(4): 801-809. Faria, C.A., Torres, J.B., Fernandes, A.M.V. & Farias, A.M.I. 2008. Parasitism of Tuta absoluta in tomato plants by Trichogramma pretiosum Riley in response to host density and plant structures. Ciência Rural, 38(6): 1504-1509. Faria, C.A., Torres, J.B., Farias, A.M.I. 2000. Resposta funcional de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) parasitando ovos de Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae): efeito da idade do hospedeiro. Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, 29(1): 85-93. Farrokhi, S., Zerehgar, Kh., Heidari, H. & Marzban, R. 2011. Tuta absoluta (Lep.: Gelechiidae): A serious threat to tomato farming in Iran. EPPO/IOBC/FAO/NEPPO Joint International Symposium on Management of Tuta absoluta (tomato borer). Morocco. Agadir: 78 pp. Feijen, H.R. & Schulten, G.G.M. 1981. Egg parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) of Diopsis macrophthalma (Diptera; Diopsidae) in Malawi. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 31: 381-417. Haji, F.N.P., Freire, L.C.L., Roa, F.G., Silva, C.N. da., Souza, M.M. & Silva, M.I.V. da. 1995. Integrated pest management of Scrobipalpuloides absoluta (Lep.: Gelechiidae) in the Sao Francisco River region. Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, 24: 587-591. Hassan, S.A., Guo, M.F. 1991. Selection of effective strains of egg parasites of the genus Trichogramma (Hym., Trichogrammatidae) to control the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis Hb. (Lep., Pyralidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 111: 335-341. Hohmann, C.L., Luck, R.E. & Oatman, E.R. 1988. A comparison of longevity and fecundity of adult Trichogramma platneri (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) reared from eggs of the cabbage looper and the angoumoisgrain moth, with and without access to honey. Journal of Economic Entomology, 81: 1307-1312. Kraaijeveld, A.R., Nowee, B. & Najem, R.W. 1995. Adaptive variation in host-selection behaviour of Asobara tabida, a parasitoid of Drosophila larvae. Functional Ecology, 9: 113-118. Kennedy, G.G. 2003. Tomato, pests, parasitoids, and predators: Tritrophic interactions involving the genus Lycopersicon. Annual Review of Entomology, 48: 51-72. Laing, J. 1938. Host finding by insect parasites. Journal of exprimental Biology, 15: 281-302. Lalegani, S., Sadeghi, A. & Ghobari, H. 2014. Evaluation of the control of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) using Trichogramma brassicae under greenhouse condition. Integrated Pest Management Conference (IPMC) 21 & 22 January, Kerman, Iran, 491. Luna, M., Sánchez, N.E., Pereyra, P.C., Nieves, E., Savino, V., Luft, E., Virla E. & Speranza, S. 2012. Biological control of Tuta absoluta in Argentina and Italy: Evaluation of indigenous insects as natural enemies. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization Bulletin, 42(2): 260-267. McCravy, K.W., & Berisford, C.W. 1998. Parasitism by Trichogramma spp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in relation to nantucket pine tip moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) egg density and location. Environmental Entomology, 27: 355-359. Mollá, O., Monton, H., Vanaclocha, P., Beitia F. & Urbaneja, A. 2009. Predation by the mirids Nesidiocoris tenuis and Macrolophus pygmaeus on the tomato borer Tuta absoluta. Proceedings of the IOBC/WPRS working group" Integrated control in protected crops", Crete, Greece, 6-11 September 2009. International organization for biological and integrated control of noxious animals and plants (IOBC/OILB), West Palaearctic regional section, 209-214. Neuffer, U. 1988. Vergleich von Parasitierungsleistung und Verhalten zweier Okotypen von Trichogramma evanescens Westw. Journal of Applied Entomology, 106: 507-517. Orphanides, G.M. & Gonzalez, D. 1970. Effects of adhesive materials and host location on parasitization by a uniparental race of Trichogramma pretiosum. Journal of Economic Entomology, 63: 1891-1897. Öztemiz, S. 2013. "Population of Tuta absoluta and natural enemies after releasing on tomato grown greenhouse in Turkey". African Journal of Biotechnology, 12(15): 1882-1887. Öztemiz, S. 2012. The tomato leafminer [(Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] and it’s biological control. KSU. Journal National Science, 15(4): 47-57.(In Turkish with English Abstract). Pak, G.A., Kaskens, J.W.M. & De Tong, E.J. 1990. Behavioural variation among strains of Trichogramma spp.: host species selection. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 56, 91-102. Pavlík, J. 1993. Variability in the host acceptance of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. (Lep., Pyralidae) in strains of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma spp. (Hym., Trichogrammatidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 115: 77-84.Phillips, W.J. & Barber, G.W. 1933. Egg-laying habits and fate of eggs of the corn ear worm moth and factors affecting them. Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, Technical Bulletin, 47 : 2-14. Riquelme, M.B. & Botto, E.N. 2010. Estudios Biológicos de Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), Parasitoide de Huevos de Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Neotropical Entomology, 39(4):612-617. Romeis, J., Shanower, T.G. & Zebitz, C.P. W. 1999. Trichogramma egg parasitism of Helicoverpa armigera on pigeonpea and sorghum in southern India. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 90: 69-81. Romeis, J., Shanower, T.G. & Zebitz, C.P.W. 1998. Physical and chemical plant characters inhibiting the searching behaviour of Trichogramma chilonis. Entomologia Experimentaliset Applicata, 87: 275-284. Romeis, J., Babendreir, D., Wäckers, F.L., Shanower, G. 2005. Habitat and plant specificity of Trichogramma egg parasitoids underlying mechanisms and implications. Basic and Applied Ecology, 6: 215-236. Saavedra, J.L. D., Torres, J.B. & Ruiz, M.G. 1997. Dispersal and parasitism of Heliothis virescens eggs by Trichogramma pretiosum (Riley) in cotton. International Journal of Pest Management, 43: 169-171. Silva, I.M.M.S. 1999. Identification and evaluation of Trichogramma parasitoids for biological pest control. Ph.D. Thesis, Proefschrift Wageningen Universiteit, 151 p. Urbaneja, A., Monton, H., Vanaclocha, P., Molla, O. & Beitia, F. 2008. La polilla del tomate Tuta absoluta una nueva presa para los miridos Nesidiocoris tenuis y Macrolophus pygmaeus. Agricola Vergel; 320: 361-367 (In Spanish with English summary). Urbaneja, A. 2010. Biological invasion of european tomato crops by Tuta absoluta: Ecology, geographic expansion and prospects for biological control. Journal of Pest Science, 83(3): 197-215. Vasquez, L.A., Shelton, A.M., Hoffmann, M.P. & Roush, R.T. 1997. Laboratory evaluation of commercial Trichogrammatid products for potential use against Plutella sylostella (Lep: Plutellidae). Biological Control, 9(2): 143-148. Wäckers, F.L., Groot, I . J.M.DE., Noldus, L.P.J.J. & Hassan, S.A. 1987. Measuring host preference of Trichogramma egg parasites: An evaluation of direct and indirect methods. Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetensc happen, Rijksuniversiteit Gent, 52: 339-348. Würher, B.G. & Hassan, S.A. 1993. Selection of effective species/strains of Trichogramma (Hym., Trichogrammatidae) to control the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L. (Lep., Plutellidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 116(1-5): 80–89. Yu, D.S.K., Hagley E.A.C. & Laing, J.E. 1984. Biology of Trichogramma minutum Riley collected from apples in southern Ontario. Environmental Entomology, 13(5): 1324-1329. Zouba, A., Chermiti, B., Chraiet, R., & Mahjoubi, K. 2013. Effect of two indigenous Trichogramma species on the infestation level by tomato miner Tuta absoluta in tomato greenhouses in the south-west of Tunisia. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection, 8: 87-106.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,305 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 715 |
||