| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,944 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,229 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 43,867,449 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,373,609 |
ارزیابی مقدار مواد سوختنی پس از آتش سوزی در جنگلکاری های کاج تدا با استفاده از خط‌نمونه و روش FLM (مطالعه موردی: جنگلکاریهای تََخسَم در استان گیلان) | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 16، دوره 23، شماره 3، مهر 1394، صفحه 562-572 اصل مقاله (256.04 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2015.105660 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مسعود امین املشی* 1؛ مهرداد قدس خواه2؛ امیراسلام بنیاد3؛ حسن پوربابایی3؛ مصطفی جعفری4؛ وحید غلامی2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای جنگل‌داری دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| 2استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| 3دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| 4دانشیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| وقوع آتش سوزی در بوم سازگانهای طبیعی به شرایط آب وهوایی، در دسترس بودن منابع احتراق و مقدار و مشخصات مواد سوختنی بستگی دارد. میزان انباشتگی مواد سوختنی یک عامل تعیین کننده در رفتار آتش است. باقیمانده های چوبی افتاده در جنگل و نیز پوشش علفی کف جنگلها ازجمله عامل‌های تعیین کننده در شدت آتش سوزی و زمان احتراق است. مدیران جنگل برای مدیریت ماده سوختنی نیاز به آگاهی از مقدار، ترکیب طبقه قطری و وضعیت زمانی و مکانی مواد سوختنی دارند. جنگلکاریهای سوزنی‌برگ در ناحیه سراوان و لاکان شهرستان رشت ازجمله حساسترین مناطق به آتش‌سوزی در جنگل‌های استان گیلان هستند. به‌منظور مشخص کردن مقدار انباشت ماده سوختنی و درجه اهمیت آن در خطر آتش‌سوزی این جنگلها پس از آتشسوزیهای اخیر، جنگلکاری تخسم در منطقه جنگلی لاکان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور از خط‌نمونه و از روش FLM (روش برآورد مقدار ماده سوختنی) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار ماده سوختنی در پوشش جنگلکاری با کاج تدا 3/89 تن در هکتار است که در طبقه های قطری مختلف پراکنده است. این میزان سوخت، آتش سوزی شدیدی را متوجه این جنگل نمی کند، اما بعضی از پوشش های علفی منطقه دارای مقدار ماده سوختنی زیادی هستند که آتش‌سوزی شدید و گذرایی را از این پوششها می توان انتظار داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آتش‌سوزی جنگل؛ خط‌نمونه؛ کاج تدا؛ مقدار ماده سوختنی جنگل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of fuel load following fire in Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations using line sampling and of FLM method (Case study: Takhsam plantations in Guilan Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masoud Amin Amlashi1؛ Mehrdad Ghodskhah2؛ Amir Islam Bonyad3؛ Hassan Pourbabaei3؛ Mostafa Jafari4؛ Vahid Gholami2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Guilan University, Some`eh Sara, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Some`eh Sara, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Some`eh Sara, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The occurrence of fire in natural ecosystems depends on the prevailing meteorological conditions, the availability of ignition material and the quantity and characteristics of fuel biomass. The rate at which fuels accumulate is a crucial determinant of fire regimes. Woody debris in the forest and herbaceous cover are also important determinants of the severity of the fire. Therefore particular fuel management is required for improved understanding and awareness on the amount of fuel, fuel diameter classes and required spatial and temporal fuel condition. Coniferous plantations located in Saravan and Lacan located in the vicinity of Rasht metropolitan area are amongst the most fire sensitive areas within Guilan province. To determine the amount of accumulated fuel and the degree of their proneness to fire risk, forest plantation area of Takhsam in Lakan was investigated. To this aim, we used the transect sampling and the FLM method. The results showed that the fuel load in loblolly pine plantation accounts for 3.89 tons per hectare and vary in different diameter classes. This amount of fuel is not presumable to impose high wildfire risks for severe fire events. However, if combined with the existing herbaceous cover, a higher proneness to severe wildfire can be expected. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| forest fire, TRANSECT, Loblolly pine, forest fuel load | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Alexander, M.E., Stefner, C.N., Mason, J.A., Stocks, B.J., Hartley, G.R., Maffey, M.E., Wotton, B.M., Taylor, S.W., Lavoie, N. and Dalrymple, G.N., 2004. Characterizing the Jack Pine - Black Spruce Fuel Complex of the International Crown Fire Modelling Experiment (ICFME). Natural Resources Canadian Forest Service Northern Forestry Center, 49p. - Baumann, K., Mitchell, S.R., Christensen, N.L., Schauer, J.J., Blake, D.R., Fort, J.M. and Edgerton, E.S., 2013. Effects of mechanical thinning on fuel consumption and emissions from prescribed burning in coastal North Carolina. Proceedings of 4th Fire Behavior and Fuels Conference, February 18-22, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA International Association of Wildland Fire, Missoula, Montana, USA: 84-121. - Bennett, M., Fitzgerald, S., Parker, B., Main, M., Perleberg, A., Schnepf, C. and Mahoney, R., 2010. Reducing Fire Risk on Your Forest Property. A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication Oregon State University, University of Idaho, Washington State University, 40p. - Brown, J.K., 1974. Handbook for Inventorying Downed Woody Material. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Utah, 24p. - Brown, J.K., Oberheu, R.D. and Johnston, C.M., 1982. Handbook for Inventorying Surface Fuels and Biomass in the Interior West. USDA, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station Ogden, Utah, General Technical Report INT-129, 48p. - Brown, J.K., Reinhardt, E.D. and Kramer, K.A., 2003. Coarse Woody Debris: Managing Benefits and Fire Hazard in the Recovering Forest. USDA, Rocky Mountain Research Station, General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-105, 16p. - Gavazzi, M.J. and McNulty, A.S.G., 2013. The influence of prescribed fire and burn interval on fuel loads in four North Carolina forest ecosystems. Proceedings of 4th Fire Behavior and Fuels Conference, February 18-22, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA International Association of Wildland Fire, Missoula, Montana, USA: 26-48. - Gilroy, J. and Tran, C., 2006. A new fuel model for eucalyptus forests in southeast Queensland Bushfire. Conference of Life in Fire- Prone Environment: Translating Science into Practice: 1-9. - Golbabaei, F., Hosseinkhani, H., Kargarfard, A., Nourbakhsh, A., Haji Hussain, R. and Fakhrian, A., 2012. Physical and mechanical properties of wood species Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in northern habitats. Iran Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research, (27)1: 177-187 (In Persian). - Gould, J., 2006. Fuel management- An integral part of fire management: Trans-Tasman perspective, fuels management- How to measure success: Conference Proceedings, Portland, USDA, Rocky Mountain Research Station, RMRS-P-41: 17-28. - Keifer, M.B., Van Wagtendonk, J.W. and Buhler, M., 2006. Long term surface fuel accumulation in burned and unburned mixed - conifer forests of the central and southern Sierra Nevada. CA (USA), Fire Ecology, (2)1: 53-72. - Lutes, D.C. and Keane, R.E., 2006. Fuel load (FL) sampling method. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-164-CD, 21p. - Marshall D.J., Wimberly, M., Bettinger, P. and Stanturf, J., 2008. Synthesis of knowledge of hazardous fuels management in Loblolly Pine forests. USDA, Southern Research Station General Technical Report SRS-110, 43p. - Rego, F.C., 2010. An innovative approach of integrated wildland fire management - regulating the wildfire problem by the wise use of fire: Solving the fire paradox. Project No. FP6-018505, Project Acronym Fire Paradox, 57p. - Sandberg, D.V., Ottmar, R.D. and Cushon, G.H., 2001. Characterizing fuels in the 21st Century. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10: 381-387. - Scott, J.H., 2012. Introduction to Fire Behavior Modeling. National Interagency Fuels, Fire, & Vegetation Technology Transfer. Integrating Science, Technology and Fire Management, Wildland Fire Management Rd & A, Available: www.niftt.gov., 149p. - Scott, J.H. and Burgan, R.E., 2005. Standard fire behavior fuel models: A comprehensive set for use with Rothermel’s Surface Fire Spread model. USDA, Report RMRS-GTR-153, 72p. - Sexton, T., 2006. U.S. Federal fuel management programs: Reducing risk to communities and increasing ecosystem resilience and sustainability. Conference Proceedings, 28-30 March 2006; Portland, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 9-12. - Stambaugh, M.C., Guyette, R.P. and Dey, D.C., 2007. Forest fuels and landscape-level fire risk assessment of the Ozark highlands. Missouri Proceedings of the 15th Central Hardwood Forest Conference - e-GTR–SRS-101: 258-266. - Swanson, J., Stephens, S., O’Hara, K., Blonski, K. and Shelly, J., 2005. Fire hazard reduction in Ponderosa Pine plantations. Final Report to the Joint Fire Science Program. Project Number 00-2-30, 49p. - Vaillant, N.M., Fites-Kaufman J., Reiner, A., Noonan-Wright, E. and Dailey, S., 2009. Effect of fuel treatments on fuels and potential fire behavior in California National Forests. Fire Ecology, (2)5: 14-29. - Xanthopoulos, G., Caballero, D., Galante, M., Alexandrian, D., Rigolot, E. and Marzano, R., 2006. Forest fuels management in Europe, fuels management- How to measure success: Conference Proceedings, 29-46. - Zobeiri, M., 2002. Forest Biometry. University of Tehran Press, 411p (In Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,448 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 785 |
||