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کارآیی اسانس گیاهانArtemisia sieberi Besser و Artemisia scoparia Waldst et Kit روی فعالیت زیستی سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات (Col: Bruchidae) Callosobruchus maculatus F. | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 23، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 36، مرداد 1386، صفحه 146-156 اصل مقاله (238.56 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم نگهبان؛ سعید محرمی‌پور* | ||
| دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه حشره شناسی کشاورزی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با توجه به خسارت بالای آفات انباری و اثر سوء سموم شیمیایی، استفاده از ترکیبها و اسانسهای گیاهی بهترین وسیله برای کنترل آفات انباری محسوب می‌شوند. در این تحقیق اثرات اسانسهای دو گونه Artemisia sieberi Besser و Artemisia scoparia Waldst et Kit روی بازدارندگی تخم‌ریزی، تفریخ تخم و مرگ ومیر لاروهای سن اول سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش در شرایط دمایی 1± 27 درجه سانتیگراد و رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 65 درصد و در تاریکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. از هر اسانس گیاهی غلظتهای مختلف در 5 تکرار مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. با افزایش غلظت اسانسها تأثیر آنها روی بازدارندگی تخم‌ریزی، کاهش تفریخ تخم و مرگ و میر لاروهای سن اول آفت افزایش یافت. همچنین در غلظت 14/0 میکرولیتر بر گرم غذا اسانس A. sieberi و A. scoparia باعث بازدارندگی کامل تخم‌ریزی سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات شدند. همچنین در بالاترین غلظت اسانسها (86/2 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا) باعث صددرصد مرگ و میر لارو سن اول شدند. گرچه اثر بازدارندگی تخم‌ریزی اسانس A. scoparia از A. sieberi بیشتر بوده است، اما اسانس این دو گیاه از نظر اثرات تخم‌کشی و لارو‌کشی اختلاف معنی‌داری با هم نداشته‌اند. مقادیر LC50 محاسبه شده برای تفریخ تخم و مرگ و میر لارو سن اول A. scoparia به ترتیب 11/1 و 06/1 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا بوده است که اختلاف معنی‌داری با A. sieberi ندارد. با توجه به خاصیت حشره‌کشی شدید هر دو گونه اسانس روی سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات، استفاده از اسانس این گیاهان به عنوان یک حشره‌کش کم خطر و یا به عنوان الگویی برای ساخت حشره‌کش‌های جدید برای کنترل آفت انباری توصیه می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات؛ اسانس گیاهی؛ بازدارندگی تخم‌ریزی؛ فعالیت زیستی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Efficiency of Artemisia sieberi Besser and Artemisia scoparia waldst et kit essential oils on biological activity of Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Col.: Bruchidae) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Negahban؛ S. Moharramipour | ||
| Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In regard to the invasion of various food commodities by insects and harmful effects of chemical pesticides, essential oils are among the best known substances tested against stored product pests. Effects of essential oils from Artemisia sieberi Besser and Artemisia scoparia Waldst et Kit were tested against oviposition deterrence, egg hatching and first instar larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus F. at 27 ± 1˚C and 65 ± 5% R.H. under dark condition. For each essential oil, five replications were conducted. Increasing the essential oil concentrations resulted in increase if insecticidal activity of essential oils on eggs, first instar larvae and oviposition deterrence. At 0.14 mL/g food, the essential oils of A. sieberi and A. scoparia resulted in inhibition of oviposition of the insect. The maximum concentration of essential oils (2.86 mL/L air) caused 100% mortality of first instar larvae. Although, oviposition deterrence of A. scoparia was stronger than A. sieberi, however, ovicidal and larval mortality caused by both essential oils were not significantly different. LC50 values indicated that essential oil of A. scoparia with 1.11 and 1.06 mL/L air against eggs and first instar larvae do not have significant difference with A. sieberi. It was found that plant essential oils can be used as a safe pesticide or model for new synthetic pesticides to control stored pests. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Callosobruchus maculatus, plant essential oil, Oviposition deterrence, ovicide, bioactivity | ||
| مراجع | ||
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