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پاسخ ژنوتییپهای مختلف پنبه نسبت به شوری خاک در استان گلستان | ||
| پژوهش های پنبه ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 2، شماره 2، آبان 1393، صفحه 13-26 اصل مقاله (360.66 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijcr.2015.102021 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| قربانعلی روشنی* 1؛ عبدالرضا قرنجیکی2؛ سید جلال میرقاسمی3 | ||
| 1استادیار موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور | ||
| 2مربی موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور | ||
| 3محقق موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شوری خاک یکی از عوامل مهم کاهش رشد و تولید محصولات زراعی است. سطح خاک‌های متاثر از نمک در کشور ما بسیار قابل توجه بوده و در اکثر این اراضی فقط کشت محصولات متحمل به شوری مثل پنبه مقدور میباشد. با این که پنبه نیز از گیاهان نسبتاً متحمل به شوری محسوب میشود، اما همانند سایر گیاهان با وجود تحمل نسبی در برابر شوری، تاثیر سوء شوری در ارقام و ژنوتیپهای مختلف یکسان نبوده و اختلاف در صفات رشدی و عملکرد مشاهده میشود. لذا، به منظور بررسی تاثیر شوری خاک بر صفات رشدی و مقایسه عملکرد 12 ژنوتیپ پنبه، آزمایشی در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی مزرعه نمونه انباراُلوم در استان گلستان انجام شد. شوری خاک در زمان کشت 5/12 دسیزیمنس بر متر بود. نتایج نشان داد که شوری خاک تاثیر معنیداری بر صفات رشدی و عملکرد شامل درصد جوانهزنی، ارتفاع بوته، وزن غوزه، عملکرد چین اول، عملکرد چین دوم، عملکرد کل و درصد زودرسی محصول دارد. بیشترین درصد جوانهزنی در ژنوتیپهای شیرپان 539، چوکوروا و کیو28 مشاهده شد. در مقایسه میانگین دادهها، رقم تجاری ساحل دارای بلندترین ارتفاع بوته و سنگینترین غوزه بود. هرچند در چین اول، ژنوتیپ شیرپان 539 بیشترین محصول را تولید نمود، اما با توجه به اختلاف قابل توجه محصول رقم گلستان در برداشت چین دوم، بیشترین عملکرد کل با رقم مذکور بدست آمد. زودرسی ژنوتیپ شیرپان 539 برتری زیادی نسبت به سایر ژنوتیپها داشت. با توجه به نتایج، ترویج و توسعه کشت رقم گلستان در خاک‌های متاثر از نمک استان گلستان توصیه میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| استان گلستان؛ شوری خاک؛ ژنوتیپهای پنبه؛ عملکرد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation and Comparison of Salinity Tolerance of Several Cotton Genotypes in a Saline Soil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Gh. Roshani1؛ A. Gharanjiki2؛ S.J. Mirghasemi3 | ||
| 1Assistant Prof., Cotton Research Institute of Iran | ||
| 2Scientific Staff Member of Cotton Research Institute of Iran | ||
| 3Researcher of Cotton Research Institute of Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Soil salinity is one of the important factors that reduces growth and production of crops. The salt-affected soils area is very considerable in Iran so that salt tolerant crops individually are cultivable in the most these lands. Like as other plants, the adverse effect of salinity on various cultivars and genotypes of cotton weren't similar and despite the fact that cotton is somewhat tolerant to salinity, differences in growth traits and yield occurs. Hence, a field experiment was carried out in Golestan province, Agricultural Research Station, Marked Farm of Anbarolum to evaluate the effect of soil salinity on growth traits and compare the yield of 12 cotton genotypes. Soil salinity was 12.5 dS/m at planting time. The results showed that soil salinity established a significant effect on growth and yield traits including germination percent, plant height, boll weight, yield of first peaking, yield of second peaking, total yield and yield earliness. The greatest germination percent was obtained by Shirpan 539, Çukurova and Q28 genotypes. In mean comparison of the data, Sahel genotype had the highest height and the heaviest boll. Golestan genotype produced the most total yield because of production the considerable more yield in second picking, However 539 Shirpan genotype produced the most yield in first peaking. The earliness of latter genotype had too much preference as compared to other genotypes. Finally, according to the results, extension and expansion of Golestan genotype cultivation was recommended for salt-affected soils in Golestan province. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cotton genotypes, Golestan Province, Soil salinity, yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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