| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,846 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,300 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 41,387,187 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 18,562,197 |
بررسی اثرات نعناع، جعفری، شوید، گشنیز، سیر و ریحان بر عملکرد، فاکتورهای خونی، سیستم ایمنی، مورفولوژی روده و طعم گوشت در جوجه‌های گوشتی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 31، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 71، مرداد 1394، صفحه 446-459 اصل مقاله (282.63 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101880 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مینو میرزاوند1؛ شعبان رحیمی* 2؛ محمدعلی سحری3 | ||
| 1کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم طیور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| 2استاد، گروه علوم طیور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| 3استاد، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها اثر مثبتی بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی دارند، اما احتمالاً دارای اثرات منفی مانند ایجاد مقاومت‌های میکروبی در انسان و دام می‌شوند. یکی از جایگزین‌های آنتی‌بیوتیک به‌عنوان محرک رشد، گیاهان دارویی هستند. به همین منظور برای بررسی اثرات گیاهان دارویی (نعناع، جعفری، شوید، گشنیز، سیر و ریحان) با آنتی‌بیوتیک آزمایشی با 480 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یک روزه سویه رأس 308 در قالب 8 تیمار و 3 تکرار (هر تکرار شامل 20 پرنده) اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل گروه شاهد (جیره پایه بدون هیچ‌گونه افزودنی)، تیمار گیاهان دارویی و معطر به‌ترتیب: نعناع، جعفری، شوید، گشنیز، سیر و ریحان هر کدام به میزان 5/1% و تیمار آنتی‌بیوتیک ویرجینیامایسین به میزان ppm15 بود. وزن زنده، خوراک مصرفی و ضریب تبدیل غذایی، فاکتورهای خونی، سیستم ایمنی و طعم گوشت در پایان دوره مورد اندازه‌گیری و تجزیه و تحلیل آماری قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که ویرجینیامایسین وزن بدن و خوراک مصرفی را در کل دوره تحت تأثیر قرار داد (05/0>p)، در حالیکه ضریب تبدیل غذایی تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت (05/0<p). کمترین میزان کلسترول و LDL سرم در تیمار سیر مشاهده شد (05/0>p). کمترین میزان اسید اوریک خون مربوط به تیمار جعفری بود (05/0>p). عیار آنتی‌بادی علیه گلبول قرمز گوسفند در پاسخ ثانویه در سیر و شوید بیشترین بود (05/0>p)، البته عیار آنتی‌بادی علیه ویروس واکسن نیوکاسل تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت (05/0<p). نسبت هتروفیل به لنفوسیت در سیر کمترین و در کنترل بیشترین بود (05/0>p). وزن نسبی بورس و طحال به‌عنوان دو ارگان لنفوئیدی بین تیمارها اندازه‌گیری شد، که تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت (05/0<p). ارتفاع پرز روده در هیچ‌یک از قسمت‌های روده معنی‌دار نبود (05/0<p). نسبت ارتفاع پرز روده به عمق کریپت و نسبت ارتفاع پرز به عرض آن معنی‌دار بود (05/0>p). بنابراین نتیجه‌گیری می‌شود که گشنیز و نعناع بیشترین تأثیر را بر رنگ، طعم، بافت و پذیرش کلی گوشت مرغ داشته (05/0>p) و می‌توان از آنها به‌عنوان افزودنی غذایی در جیره طیور استفاده کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| جوجه‌های گوشتی؛ گیاهان دارویی و معطر؛ نعناع؛ جعفری؛ شوید؛ گشنیز؛ سیر؛ ریحان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation the effects of mint, parsley, dill, coriander, garlic and basil on broiler performance, blood factors, immune system, intestinal morphology and taste of meat | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Mirzavand1؛ Sh. Rahimi2؛ M.A. Sahari3 | ||
| 1MSc. Student, Department of Poultry Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Poultry Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Food Science Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Antibiotics have a positive effect on broilers performance; however they may have negative effects such as microbial resistance in humans and animals. Medicinal plants are one of the alternatives to antibiotics as growth stimulators. A research was conducted to compare the effects of medicinal plants: mint, basil, parsley, dill, coriander, garlic (1.5% in feed) with antibiotic virginiamycin (15ppm in feed) on broiler performance, blood factors, immune system, intestinal morphology and organoleptic tastes of broiler meat. For this purpose an experiment with a total of 480 d- old male broiler chicks (ROSS 308) were divided into eight treatments with three replicates of 20 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The highest body weight and the lowest feed intake were related to virginiamycin (p<0.05). There was no difference in feed conversion ratio among treatments (p>0.05). LDL and cholesterol levels were lowest in the group fed with garlic (p<0.05). Lower blood uric acid levels were associated with parsley (p<0.05). Relative weights of lymphoid organs (spleen and bursa Fabricious) as two immune indexes were compared among different groups which was not affected by treatments (p>0.05). Antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in secondary response was higher in garlic and dill groups (p<0.05). Antibody responses to Newcastle disease vaccine (LaSota) was not affected by treatments (p>0.05). The lowest and highest heterophil/lymphocyte ratio was obtained in garlic group and control group (p<0.05), respectively. Villi height was not changed significantly in any segment of intestine (p<0.05). Ratio of villous height to crypt depth and villous height to basal width was significant (p<0.05). It is concluded that coriander and mint have significant effects in odor, color, texture and overall acceptance of broiler meat (p<0.05), so these plants can be used as feed additives in poultry diets. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| broilers, medicinal and aromatic plants, mint, parsley, Dill, coriander, garlic, Basil | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abbas, R., 2010. Effect of using fenugreek, parsley and sweet Basil seeds as feed additives on the performance of broiler chickens. International Journal of Poulty Science, 9(3): 278-282. - Agarval, R., Diwanayb, S., Patkic, P. and Patwardhan, B., 1999. Studies on immunomodulatory activity of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) extracts in experimental immune inflammation. Journal ofEthnology and Pharmacology, 67(1): 1-6. - AL-Ankari, A.S., Zaki, M.M. and AL-Sultan, S.I., 2004. Use of habek mint (Mentha longifolia) in broiler chicken diets. International Journal of Poulty Science, 3: 629-634. - AL-Kassie, G.A., 2009. Influence of two plant extracts derived from thyme and cinnamon on broiler performance. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 29(4): 169-173. - AL-Sultan, S.I., 2003. The effect of Curcuma longa (Tumeric) on overall performance of broiler chickens. International Journal of Poulty Science, 2: 351-353. - Bradley, G.L., Sgvage, T.F. and Timm, K.I., 1994. The effect of supplementing diets with Saccharomyces cervisiae var. Boulardi on male poult performance and ileal morphology. Poultry Science, 73: 1766-1770. - Butolo, J.E., 1999. Use of additive in poultry feed broilers. Symposium on the Socio Economic Implications of the Use of Additives in Animal Production. Piracicaba, 85-94. - Buresh, R.E., Miles, R.D. and Harms, R.H., 1986. A differential response in turkey poults to various antibiotics in diets designed to be deficient or adequate in certain essential nutrients. Poultry Science, 65: 2314-2317. - Burger, R.A., Torres, A.R., Warren, R.P., Caldwell, V.D. and Hughes, B.G., 1997. Echinacea-induced cytokine production by human macrophages. International Journal of Immunopharmacology, 19(7): 371-379. - Cera, K.R., 1988. Effect of age, weaning and post weaning diet on small intestinal growth and jejunal morphology in young swine. Journal of Animal Science, 66: 574-584. - Combs, G.F. and Bossard, E.H., 1963. Comparison of growth response of chicks to virginiamycin and other antibiotics. Poultry Science, 42: 681-685. - Chithra, V. and Leelamma, S., 1997. Coriandrum sativum changes the levels of lipid peroxides and activity of antioxidant enzymes in experimental animals. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysiology, 36: 59-61. - Cross, D.E., Mcdevitt, R.M., Hillman, K. and Acamovic, T., 2007. The effect of herbs and their associated essential oils on performance, dietary digestibility and gut microflora in chickens from 7 to 28 days of age. British Poultry Science, 48: 496-506. - Demir, E., Sarica, S., Özcan, M. and Suiçmez, M., 2003. The use of natural feed additives as alternatives for an antibiotic growth promoter in broiler diets. Journal of British Poultry Science, 44: 44-45. - Dhanapakiam, P., Mini Joseph, J., Ramaswamy, U.K., Moorthy, M. and Senthilkumar, A., 2008. The Cholesterol lowering property of coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum): Mechanism of action. Journal of Environmental and Biologycal, 29: 53-56. - Ertas, O.N., Guler, T., Çiftci, M., Dalkilic, B. and Simsek, Ü.G., 2005. The effect of an essential oil mix derived from oregano, clove and anise on broiler performance.Journal ofPoultry Science, 4: 879-884. - Garcia, V., Catala-Gregori, P., Hernandez, F., Megias, M.D. and Madrid, J., 2007. Effect of formic acid and plant extracts on growth, nutrient digestiblity, intestine mucosa morphology, and meat yield of broilers. Journal Applied Poultry Research, 16: 555-562. - Gbenga Onibi, E., Adebi, O.E., Fajemisin, A.N. and Adetunji, A.V., 2009. Response of broiler chickens in trims of performance and meat quality of garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation. AfricanJournal of Agriculture Research, 4: 511-517. - Hertrampf, J.W., 2001. Alternative antibacterial performance promoters. International Journal of Poultry Science, 40: 50-52. - Hikino, H., Kobayashi, M., Suzuki, Y. and Konno, C., 1989. Mechanism of hypoglycemic activity of aconitan, A, a glycan from Acanitum roots. Journal of Ethnopharmacolgy, 25: 295-304. - Humphre, B.D., Koutsos, E.A. and Klasing, K.C., 2002. Requirement and priorities of the immune system for nutrients: 69-77. In: Jacques, K.A. and Lyons, T.P., (Eds.). Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industries. Proceeding of Alltech’s 18th Annual Symposium. Nottingham University Press, 538p. - Khovidhunkit, W., Kim, M., Memon, R.A., Shigenaga, J.K., Moser, A.H., Feinfold K.R. and Grunfeld, C., 2004. Thematic review series: the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Effects of infection and inflammation on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism mechanism. Journal of Lipid Research, 45: 1169-1196. - Langhout, P., 2000. New additives for broiler chickens. World poultry Science, 16: 22-27. - Lau, B.H., Yamasaki, T. and Gridley, D.S., 1991. Garlic compounds modulate macrophage and - Manzanilla, E., Baucells, G., Kamel, F., Morales, C., Perez, J. and Gasa, J., 2001. Effect of plant extracts and formic acid on the intestinal equilibrium of early-weaned pig. Journal of Animal Science Supplied, 1: 473. - Montagne, L., 2003. A review of interactions between dietary fiber and the intestinal mucosa, and their consequences on digestive health in young non-ruminant animals. Journal of Animal and Feed Science Technology, 108: 95-117. - Nabuurs, M.J.A., 1995. Microbiological, structural and functional changes of the small intestine of pigs at weaning. Pig News and Information, 16: 93-97. - Peryam, D.R. and Pilgrim, F.J., 1957. Hedonic scale method of measuring food preferences. Journal of Food Technology, 11: 9-14. - Peterson, A.L., Qureshi, M.A., Ferket, P.R. and Fuller, J.C., 1999. Enhancement of cellular and humoral immunity in young broilers by the dietary supplementation of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate. Immmunopharmacology and immunotoxicology. Poultry Science, 21(2): 307-330. - Pish Jang, J., 2011. Effect of different levels of coriander oil on performance and blood parameters of broiler chickens. Journal of Animal and Biologycal Research, 2(5): 578-583. - Platel, K. and Srinivasan, K., 2004. Digestive stimulant action of spices: a myth or reality. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 119(5): 167-179. - Pluske, J., Hampson, D.J. and Williams, I., 1997. Factors influencing the stricture and function of the small intestine en the weaned pig: a review. Livestock Production Science, 51: 215-236. - Richmond, W., 1973. Preparation and properties of a cholesterol oxidase from Nocardia sp. and its application to the enzymatic assay of total cholesterol in serum. Clinical Chemistry, 19: 1350-1356. - Santoso, U., Setianto, J. and Suteky, T., 2005. Effect of Sauropus androgynus (Katuk) extract on egg production and lipid metabolism in layers. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 18: 364-369. - Sham, D., Chitreb, D. and Patwardhan, B., 2003. Immunoprotection by botanical drugs in cancer chemotheraphy. Journal of Ethnopharmalogy, 90(1): 49-55. - Soltan, M.A., Shewita, R.S. and El-katcha, M.I., 2008. Effect of dietry anise seeds supplementation on growth performance, immune response, carcass traits and some blood parameters of broiler chickens. Journal of Poultry Science. 7(11): 1078-1088. - Soltani, N., Keshavarz, M. and Dehpour, A.R., 2007. Effect of oral magnesium sulfate administration on blood pressure and lipid profile in streptozocin diabetic rat. European Journal of Pharmacology, 560: 201-205. - Taylor, D.J., 2001. Effects of antimicrobials and their alternatives. British Journal of Poultry Science, 42: 67-68. - Waibel, P.E., Halvorson, J.C., Noll, L.S. and Hoffbeck, S.L., 1991. Influence of virginiamycin on growth and efficiency of large white turkeys. Poultry Science, 70: 837-847. - Warshafsky, S., Kamer, R.S. and Sivak, S.L., 1993. Effects of garlic on total serum cholesterol. A meta-analysis. Journal of Annual and International Medical, 119: 599-605. - Wiliams S.K. and Damron, B.L., 1998. Sensory and objective characteristics of broiler meat from commercial broilers fed rendered spent hen meal. Poultry Science, 77: 1441-1445. - Wiliams, P. and Losa, R., 2001. The use of essential oils and their compounds in poultry nutrition. World Poultry, 17: 14-15. - Yaser, S. and Forbes, J.M., 1999. Performance and gastro-intestinal response of broiler chickens fed on cereal grain-based foods soaked in water. British Poultry Science, 40: 65-76. - Ziarlarimi, A., Irani, M. and Gharahveysi, Sh., 2011. An investigation on the replacement of antibiotics by medicinal plants to control the infection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in broiler chickens. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(56): 12094-12097. - Ziauddin, M., Phansalkar, P., Patki, S. and Patwardhan, B., 1995. Studies on the immunomodulatory effects of ashwagandha. Journal of Thnopharmacology, 50: 69-76. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,488 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,274 |
||