1- افشار مازندران، ن.، رجب، ا. (1381) پروبیوتیک ها و کاربرد آنها در تغذیه دام و طیور. چاپ دوم. انتشارات نوربخش، تهران.##
2- کریمی ترشیزی، م. ا. (1384) جداسازی، شناسایی و انتخاب باکتری های اسید لاکتیک مناسب برای تولید پروبیوتیک در تغذیه جوجه های گوشتی. رساله دکترا. دانشکده کشاورزی. دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.##
3- Alcicek, A., Bozkurt, M. and Cabuk, M. (2003)The effect of an essential oil combination derived from selected herbs growing wild in turkey on broiler performance. South African. Journal.of Animal Science. 33: 89-94.##
4- Case, G.L., He, L. Mo, H. and Elson, C.E. (1995). Induction of geranyl pyrophosphate pyrophosphatase activity by cholesterol-suppressive isoprenoids. Lipids, 30: 357-359.##
5- Dorman, H.J.D. and Deans, S.G. (2000). Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 83: 308-316.##
6- Ferket, P.R. (2004). Alternatives to antibiotics in poultry production: Responses, practical experience and recommendations. Page 57-67 in Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industries. Lyons, T.P. and Jacques ed, K.A. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.##
7- Ferket, P.R. (2002). Use of oligosaccharides and gut modifiers as replacements for dietary antibiotics. Proc. 63 rd Minnesota Nutrition Conference, September 17-18, Eagan, MN, pp 169-182.##
8- Fritts, C.A. and Waldroup, P.W. (2003). Evaluation of Bio-Mos mannan oligosaccharide as a replacement for growth promoting antibiotics in diets for turkeys. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 2(1):19-22.##
9- Fuller, R. (1992). Problems and prospects. In Probiotics. The Scientific Basis. Ed by Roy Fuller. Pp: 377-386. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.##
10- Fuller, R. (1989). A review: Probiotics in man and animals. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 66:365-378.##
11- Gilliland, S.E., Nelson, C.R. and Maxwell, C., (1985). Assimilation of cholesterol by Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 49:337-381##
12- Halle, I., Thomann, R., Bauermann, U., Henning, M. and Kohler, P. (2004). Effects of a graded supplementation of herbs and essential oils in broiler feed on growth and carcass traits. Land bauforshung Volkenrode. 54: 219-229.##
13- Hamann, L., El-Samalouti, V., Ulmer, A.J., Flad, H.D. and Rietschel, E. Th., (1998). Components of gut bacteria as immunomodulators. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 41:141-154.##
14- Humphrey, B.D., Koutsos, E.A. and Klasing, K.C. (2002). Requirement and priorities of the immune system for nutrients. In: Jacques, K.A. and T.P. Lyons, (Eds). Nutritional Biotechnology in The Feed and Food Industries. Proceeding of Alltech’s 18th Annual Symposium, pp: 69-77.##
15- Kalavathy, R., Abdullah, N., Jalaludin, S. and Ho, Y.W. (2003). Effects of lactobacillus cultures on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids and weight of organs of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science. 44 :139-144.##
16- Khovidhunkit, W., Kim, M., Memon, R.A., Shigenaga, J.K., Moser, A.H., Feinfold K.R. and Grunfeld, C. (2004). Thematic review series; the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Effects of infection and inflammation on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism mechanism. J. Lipid Res., 45: 1169-1196.##
17- Lee, K.W., Everts, H., Kappert, H.J., Yeom K.H. and Beynen, A.C. (2003b). Dietary carvacrol lowers body weight gain but improves feed conversion in female broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 12:394-399.##
18- Middleton, A., Middleton, B., White, D.A. and Bell, G.D. (1979). The effects of monocyclic terpenes on hepatic S-3- hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl- coenzyme A reductase invivio. Biochemical Society Transactions, 4: 407-708.##
19- Mohan, B., Kadirvel, R., Bhaskaran, M. and Natarajan, A. (1995). Effect of probiotic supplementation on serum/yolk cholesterol and on egg shell thickness in layers. British Poultry Science, 36: 799-803. ##
20- Mountzouris, K., Beneas, H., Tsirtsikos, P., Kalamara, E., and Fegeros K (2006). Evaluation of the effect of a new probiotic product on broiler performance and cecal microflora composition and metabolic activities. International Poultry Scientific Forum Atlanta, Georgia .January 23–24.##
21- Murry, A.C., Hinton, A., and Buhr, R.J. (2006). Effect of botanical probiotic containing lactobacilli on growth performance and populations of bacteria in the ceca, cloaca, and carcass rinse of broiler chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science 5 (4): 344-350.##
22- Richmond, W. (1973). Preparation and properties of a cholesterol oxidase from Nocardia sp. and its application to the enzymatic assay of total cholesterol in serum. Clinical Chemistry. 19:1350-1356.##
23- Ruju, M.V.L.N. and Devegowda, G. (2002). Esterified-Gluco-mannan in broiler chicken diets-contaminated with aflatoxin ochratoxin and T-2 toxin: Evaluation of its binding ability (in vitro) and efficacy as immunomodulator. Asian- Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15:1051-1056.##
24- SAS Institute (1999). SAS User's Guide. Release 8.2 Ed. SAS Institute Inc. Cary. NC##
25- Savage, TF, Cotter P.F and Zakrewska, E.I. (1996). Effect of feeding a mannan-oligosaccharide on immunoglobulin, plasma IgG and bile IgA of Wrolstad MW male turkey. Poultry Science. 75 (suppl. 1):143##
26- Sims, M.D., Dawson, K.A., Newman, K.E., Spring, P. and Hooge, D.M. (2004). Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide, bacitracine methylene disalicylate, or both on the live performance and intestinal microbiology of turkeys. Poultry Science. 83: 1148-1154.##
27- Spring, P., Wenk, C., Dawson, K. A. and Newman, K.E. (2000). The effects of dietary mannanoligosaccharides on cecal parameters and the concentrations of enteric bacteria in the ceca of salmonella-challenged broiler chicks. Poultry Science. 79: 205–211.##
28- Waibel, P.E., Halvorson, J.C., Noll, L.S. and Hoffbeck, S.L. (1991). Influence of virginiamycin on growth and efficiency of large white turkeys. Poultry Science. 70: 837-847.##
29- Wegmann, T. and Smithies, O. (1966). A simple hemagglutination system requiring small amounts of red cells and antibodies. Transfusion, 6:67-75.##
30- Yu, S.G., Abuirmeileh, N.M., Qureshi, A.A. and Elson, C.E. (1994). Dietary ionone suppresses hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl conenzyme A reductase activity. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 42: 1493-1496. ##
31- Zhang, A.W., Lee, B.D., Lee, S.K., Lee, K.W., An, G.H., Song, K.B. and Lee, C.H. (2005a). Effects of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cell components on growth performance, meat quality, and lleal mucosa development of broiler chicks. Poultry. Science. 84: 1015-1021.##
32- Zhang, K.Y., Yan, F., Keen, C.A. and Waldroup, P.W. (2005b). Evaluation of microencapsulated essential oils and organic acids in diets of broiler chickens. International. Journal of Poultry.Science. 4(9): 612-619.##