The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant population and nitrogen rate on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L, hybrid 704) in 2008 at Mamasani region, Fars Province. The experiment was conducted as a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors was four plant population (75000, 90000,105000, and 130000 plant ha-1) and three nitrogen rates (200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1). Results indicated that plant density, nitrogen and interaction between plant density and nitrogen had significant effects on 1000 grain weight. By increasing plant density, 1000 grain weight significantly decreased from 290 to 269 gr, and with increasing nitrogen rate from 200 to 400 kg ha-1, 1000 grain weight significantly increased from 269 to 287 gr. Associated with the interaction of plant density and nitrogen on grain weight, the highest 1000 grain weight was at density of 75000 plant ha-1 with consumption of 400 kg N ha-1 and the lowest was at density of 130000 plant ha-1 withconsumption of 200 kg N ha-1. By increasing plant density, number of seeds per ear significantly decreased from 584 to 491 and number of ear per m2 significantly increased from 7.4 to 12.9. Grain yield was significantly increased from 12910 to 16890 kg ha-1 by increasing plant population from 75000 to 130000 plant ha-1. Nitrogen rates and its interaction by plant population had no significant effect on number of seeds per ear, number of ear per m2 and grain yield. In summary, density of 130000 plants per hectare with consumption of 200 kg nitrogen per hectare will be introduced as the most appropriate treatment. |
- بحرانی، م و سیدی، ع. 1384. تأثیر تراکم بوته و شیوه مصرف کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد دانه ذرت و اجزاء آن. مجله علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. شماره 3. صفحات: 128 تا 135.
- صابری، ع.، مظاهری، د؛ و حیدری شریف آباد، ح. 1385. بررسی تأثیر تراکم و آرایش کاشت بر عملکرد و برخی از خصوصیات زراعی ذرت تری وی کراس 647. مجله علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. شماره 1.صفحات 147-136.
- صادقی، ف. 1382. اثر آرایش کاشت بر عملکرد دانه هیبرید دیررس ذرت در استان کرمانشاه. نهال و بذر. شماره 4. صفحات 529 تا 537.
- طهما سبی، ا و راشد محصل، م.ح. 1388. اثر تراکم بوته و آرایش کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو هیبرید ذرت. مجله پژوهش های زراعی ایران. شماره 1.صفحات 113-105.
- علیزاده، ا؛ مجیدی، ا؛ نادیان، ح؛ نورمحمدی، ق و عامریان م. ر. 1386. بررسی اثر تنش خشکی و مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن بر فنولوژی و رشد و نمو ذرت. مجله علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. شماره 5. صفحات: 11 - 1.
- لک، ش.، نادری، ا؛ سیادت، س. ع؛. آینه بند، ا. و نورمحمدی، ق.. 1385. اثرات تنش کمبود آب بر عملکرد دانه و کارآیی نیتروژن ذرت دانهای هیبرید سینگل کراس 704 در مقادیر متفاوت نیتروژن و تراکم بوته. مجله علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. شماره 2. صفحات: 14-1.
- مجیدیان، م.، و غدیری، ح. 1381. تأثیر تنش رطوبت و مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن در مراحل مختلف رشد بر عملکرد، اجزاء عملکرد، بازده استفاده از آب و برخی ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیک گیاه ذرت. مجله علوم کشاورزی ایران. شماره 3. صفحات: 533 - 521.
- Aerts, R. 1999. Interspecific competition in natural plant communities: mechanism, trade-offs and plant soil feedbacks. J. Exp. Bot. 50:19-37.
- Al-Kaisi, M.M and Xinhua,Y. 2003. Effect of nitrogen rate, irrigation rate, and plant population on corn yield and water use efficiency. Agron. J. 95:1475-1482.
10. Arif, M., Jan, M.T., Khan, N.U., Akbar, H., khan, S. A., Khan ,M.J and et al. 2010. Impact of plant populations and nitrogen levels on maize. Pak. J. Bot. 3907-3913.
- 11. Blumenthal, J.M., Lyon,D.J and Stroup, W.W. 2003. Optimal plant population and nitrogen fertility for dry land corn in western Nebraska. Agron J. 95: 878-883.
12. Bruns, H.A and Abbas, H.K. 2005. Ultra–high plant population and nitrogen fertility effects on corn in the Mississippi valley. Agron J. 97: 1136-1140.
13. Cassman, K.G., Dobermann, A., Walters, D.T ., and Yang, H. (2003).Meeting cereal demand while protecting natural resources and improving environmental quality. Ann. Rev. Environ. Resour. 28: 315-358.
14. Charles, A.S, and Charles,S.W. (2006). Corn response to Nitrogen rate, row spaing, and plant density in Eastern Nebraska. Agron J. 94: 529-535.
15. Cox, W.J., and Cherney, D.J.R. (2001). Row spacing, plant density, and nitrogen effects on corn silage. Agron J. 93: 597-602.
16. Derby, N.E., Casey, F.X.M., Knighton, R.E and D.D, Steele. 2005. Midseason nitrogen fertility management for corn based on weather and yield prediction. Agron J. 96: 494- 501.
17. Di Paolo, E and Rinaldi, M. 2008. Yield response of corn to irrigation and nitrogen fertilization in a Mediterranean environment. Field Crop Res. 105: 202-210.
18. Farnham, D.E. 2001. Row spacing, plant density and hybrid effects on corn grain yield and moisture. Agron J: 80: 1049-1053.
19. Gehl, R.J., Maddux, L.D and Gordon, W.B. 2005. C0rn yield response to nitrogen rate and timing in sandy irrigated soils. Agron J. 97: 1230-1238.
20. Jowkin, V and Schoenau, J.J. 1998. Impact of tillage and landscape position on nitrogen availability and yield of spring wheat in the brown soil zone in southwestern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Sci. 78: 563-572.
21. Osborn, S.L., Schepers, J.S., Francis D.D., and Schlemmer M.R. (2002). Use of spectral radiance to in- season biomass and grain yield in nitrogen and water-stressed corn. Crop Sci. 42:165-171.
22. Singh, V.P and Arora, A. (2001). Intraspecific variation in nitrogen up-take and nitrogen utilization efficiency in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Crop Sci. 186: 239-244.
23. Subedi, K.D., MA, B.L and Smith, D.L. 2006. Response of a leafy and non-leafy Maize hybrid to population densities and fertilizer nitrogen levels. Crop Sci: 46: 1860-1869.
24. Villar-Mir, J.M., Villar-Miir, P., Stockle, C.O., Ferrer, F and M, Aran. 2002. On-farm monitoring of soil nitrat-nitrogen in irrigated cornfields in the Ebro vally (Northeast Spain). Agron J. 94: 373-380.
25. Widdicombe, W.D., and Thelen, K.D. 2002. Row width and plant density effects on corn in the northen Great Plains. Agron J. 87: 842-846.
|