اسانس گیاهان پونه (Mentha spicata L.) و سلمک معطر (Chenopodium ambrosioides L.)، با روش تقطیر با بخار آب استخراج و ترکیبهای آنها با دستگاههای گاز کروماتوگرافی (GC) و گاز کروماتوگرافی متصل به طیفسنج جرمی (GC/MS) شناسایی شد. سپس فعالیتهای آنتیاکسیدانی و رادیکالزدایی اسانسها مورد سنجش قرار گرفته و تأثیر ضد میکروبی آنها ارزیابی شد. میکروارگانیسمهای مورد پژوهش، E. coli، S. aureus، S. enteritidis و L. monocytogenesبودند. نمای حساسیتی میکروارگانیسمها و حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگی و کشندگی (MIC, MBC) روغنهای اسانسی تعیین گردید. سینتیک مرگ میکروبی نیز بر اساس مدت زمان تأثیر کشندگی اسانسها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. خواص آنتیاکسیدانی روغنهای اسانسی تعیین و رابطه آنها با خواص ضد میکروبی اسانسها بررسی گردید. در اسانسهای Mentha spicata و Chenopodium ambrosioides بهترتیب 14 و 13 ترکیب شناسایی شد. L. monocytogenes، E. coli، S. aureusو S. enteritidis بهترتیب نسبت به اسانسها حساسیت نشان دادند. تأثیر ضد میکروبی برگ پونه قویتر از سلمک معطر بود. ارزش D باکتریهای E. coli، S. aureus، S. enteritidis و L. monocytogenes در برابر اسانسهای پونه و سلمک معطر بهترتیب (28/4 و 5)، (8/2 و 5)، (42/6 و 42/6) و (5 و 28/4) بود. اندازه قطر هاله عدم رشد ارتباط چندانی با سینتیک میکربکشی آن نداشت. اسانسهای تحت مطالعه دارای خاصیت آنتیاکسیدانی مساوی یا برتر در مقایسه با آنتیاکسیدان شیمیایی BHA هستند. ارتباط مستقیم بین خاصیت آنتیاکسیدانی با قدرت ضد میکروبی آنها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
Relation of antioxidative property and free radical scavenging capacity to the antimicrobial characteristics of essential oils from Mentha spicata L. and Chenopodium ambrosioides L.
نویسندگان [English]
I. Rasooli1؛ L. Gachkar2؛ D. Yadegarinia2؛ M.B. Rezaei3؛ M. Taghizadeh1؛ M.H. Fakoor4؛ A.M. Allameh5
1Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
2Infectious Diseases & Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran-Iran
3Department of Medicinal plants, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran-Iran
4M.Sc graduate of Islamic Azad University-Qom.
5Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Lipid peroxidation is the most important deteriorative effect of free radicals that leads to destruction of cell membrane. The routine use of antioxidants is becoming more limited due to their instability and their probable carcinogenic effects. The use of natural additives and antioxidants in treatment of microbial and non microbial diseases is gaining momentum among people. In the present work, we extract and identify the chemical compounds of the essential oils of Mentha spicata L. and Chenopodium ambrosioides.L. Antioxidative property, free radical scavenging capacity and antimicrobial characteristics of oils were then studied. The microorganisms employed in this study were: E.coli, S.aureus, S.enteritidis, L. monocytogenes. The plants were hydrodistilled and the essential oils were extracted. The chemical constituents of the oils thus obtained were identified by GC/MS. Employing disc diffusion and tube dilution methods antimicrobial effects of the oils on were studied. Zones of microbial growth inhibition and Minimum Inhibitory and Bactericidal concentrations (MIC & MBC) of the microorganisms exposed to various dilutions of the oils were determined. Kinetics of microbial death were determined. Antioxidant properties of the oils were tested and their relation to antimicrobial properties of the oils were studied. Chemical analysis lead to identification of 14 and 13 compounds in the essential oils of Mentha spicata and Chenopodium ambrosioides, respectively. The sensitivity of bacteria to the oils were the order of L. monocytogenes> E. coli> S. aureus> S. enteritidis. The antibacterial properties of the essential oils from Mentha spicata leaves were higher than the oils from C. ambrosioides leaves. The D values for E. coli, S. aureus, S. enteritidis and L. monocytogenes exposed to the MBC levels of the essential oils were: Mentha spicata (6.42, 10, 6.42, 6.42) and Chenopodium ambrosioides (2.85, 4.28, 5, 4.28) minutes respectively. The zones of microbial growth inhibitions were not correlated to microbicidal kinetics of the oils. The oils had antioxidant properties equivalent to or higher than synthetic BHA antioxidant. The correlation between antioxidative properties and antimicrobial activities of the oils were studied.
کلیدواژهها [English]
Mentha spicata L, Chenopodium ambrosioides L, Essential oils, Antioxidant, E .coli, S. aureus, S. enteritidis, L. monocytogenes