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بررسی اثرات تلفیقی سرکه‌ی چوب و تی‌کمپوست بر بیماری‌های پوسیدگی ریشه و زوال بوته و پوسیدگی ذغالی ریشه خربزه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 1، شماره 1، شهریور 1392، صفحه 91-101 اصل مقاله (185.33 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2013.100602 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهین صابری* 1؛ حسن عسکری2؛ ابوالفضل سرپله2 | ||
| 1دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد آشتیان، ایران | ||
| 2مؤسسه‌ی تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پوسیدگی ریشه و زوال بوته‌با عامل Monosporascus cannonballus و پوسیدگی ذغالی ریشه بر اثر Macrophomina phaseolina از بیماری‌های مهم خربزه در اکثر مناطق کشت آن در ایران می‌باشد. در این پژوهش، اثرات ضد قارچی سرکه‌ی چوب بر رشد این قارچ‌ها در شرایط آزمایشگاه به همراه تأثیر توأم سرکه‌ی چوب و تی‌کمپوست، درکنترل M. cannonballus در گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بررسی متابولیت‌های سرکه‌ی چوب با اضافه نمودن قرص‌های قارچی فعال و جوان به تشتک‌های حاوی محیط کشت PDA با غلظت‌های 025/0، 05/0، 125/0، 25/0، 37/0، 5/0، 75/0 و 0 درصد حجمی سرکه‌ی چوب انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که ترکیبات سرکه‌ی چوب باعث کاهش معنی‌دار رشد میسیلیومی M. cannonballusو M. phaseolina در سطح %5 شدند. در گلخانه بذور خربزه در خاک گلدان‌های حاوی %15 حجمی تی‌کمپوست و آلوده به M. cannonballusکشت گردید. سه غلظت از سرکه‌ی‌‌چوب (125/0، 25/0 و 5/0) که بیشترین کارایی را در بررسی‌های آزمایشگاهی داشتند، به خاک گلدان‌ها اضافه شدند. ارزیابی تیمارها نشان داد که هر سه غلظت سرکه‌ی چوب باعث کاهش معنی‌دار شدت بیماری نسبت به شاهد شدند. همچنین تلفیق سرکه‌ی چوب و تی‌کمپوست، سبب کاهش شدت بیماری به میزان 94 درصد و افزایش وزن ریشه و تاج گیاه به میزان 8 و 25 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد گردید (05/0=α). | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بیماری های خاکبرد؛ قارچ ایستایی؛ مواد با منشا طبیعی؛ تحریک کننده‌ی رشد؛ پیرولیگنیوس اسید | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Integrated effects of wood vinegar and tea compost on root rot and vine decline and charcoal root rot diseases of muskmelon | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahin Saberi1؛ Hassan Askary2؛ Abolfazl Sarpeleh2 | ||
| 1Agriculture college, Islamic Azad University, Ashtian branch, Ashtian, Iran | ||
| 2Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Root rot and vine decline disease caused by Monosporascus cannonballus and charcoal root rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina are important diseases of melon plants in Iran. In this study, the efficacy of wood vinegar on the mycelial growth of these pathogens as well as the integrated effect of wood vinegar and compost tea were examined on the control of root rot and vine decline disease. To test the antifungal activity of wood vinegar, mycelial disks (3 mm in diameter) of M. cannonballus and M. phaseolina were placed on PDA culture media amended with different concentrations of wood vinegar (0.025 ,0.05, 0.37, 0.5, 0.75 v/v). Wood vinegar inhibited the mycelial growth of both pathogens at 0.05 probability level. In green house condition, muskmelon seeds were sown into pot-soil containing 15% v/v of compost tea and infested with M. cannonballus. Three concentrations of wood vinegar (0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%) which had shown the maximum inhibitory effect on mycelial growth in the laboratory were then drenched into the soil. Results showed that disease severity was significantly reduced in all concentrations used (α= 0.05). The integration of compost tea and wood vinegar reduced the pathogenicity of M. cannonballus up to 94% compared with untreated control. Roots and shoots weights increased by 8% and 25% respectively in the presence of wood vinegar and compost tea (α= 0.05). | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| soil-borne disease, fungistatic, Natural Products, growth stimulator, Pyrolignious acid | ||
| مراجع | ||
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