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اثرات کاربرد لجن فاضلاب و عملیات آبشویی بر خصوصیات خاک و کیفیت و عملکرد گیاه جو | ||
| تحقیقات مهندسی صنایع غذایی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 8، شماره 3، آذر 1386، صفحه 65-80 اصل مقاله (466.38 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ندا قمری1؛ شهناز دانش* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 2استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| لجن فاضلاب به دلیل دارابودن مقادیر قابل توجهی مواد آلی و آلی آْیعناصر غذایی مورد نیاز گیاه میتواند به عنوان یکی از بهترین و ارزانترین کودهای آلی برای زمین‌های کشاورزی مطرح باشد. اما وجود عواملی سمّی از قبیل فلزات سنگین در لجن، مهمترین فاکتور محدودکننده استفاده از آنها به شمار میآید. در تحقیق حاضر به منظور بررسی تأثیر توأمان کاربرد لجن فاضلاب و عملیات آبشویی بر خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک و رشد و عملکرد گیاه جو (Hordeum vulgare) و جذب دو عنصر سرب و کادمیم در این گیاه، آزمایشی گلخانهای به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایة طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل 5 سطح کاربرد لجن فاضلاب (0، 50، 100، 200، و 400 تن در هکتار) و دو سطح آبشویی (0 و 10 درصد) بودند. در پایان فصل رشد، خصوصیات مختلف خاک از جمله pH، EC، کربن آلی، نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، منیزیم، کلسیم، سدیم، SAR، و میزان فراهمی عناصر سرب و کادمیم و همچنین خصوصیات گیاه شامل کیفیت ظاهری، وزن صد دانه، عملکرد مادة خشک اندام هوایی و غلظت عناصر سرب و کادمیم در ساقه و برگ بررسی شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که لجن فاضلاب اثر معنیداری بر تمامی خصوصیات اندازگیریشده خاک دارد. به طوری که افزایش میزان کاربرد لجن، باعث کاهش pH و افزایش سایر پارامترها میشود. افزایش میزان کاربرد لجن فاضلاب همچنین باعث افزایش معنیدار غلظت عناصر سرب و کادمیم در گیاه شد و بر کیفیت ظاهری گیاه نیز تأثیر گذاشت اما بر وزن صد دانه و عملکرد مادة خشک اندام هوایی تأثیر معنیداری نداشت. اثر فاکتور آبشویی بر هیچ یک از خواص فوقالذکر خاک جز غلظت منیزیم و کلسیم در محلول خاک معنیدار نبود. فاکتور آبشویی عملکرد مادة خشک اندام هوایی را به طور معنیداری افزایش داد ولی بر وزن صد دانه و همچنین غلظت عناصر سرب و کادمیم تأثیر معنیداری بر جای نگذاشت. اثر متقابل فاکتورها در هیچ یک از موارد اندازهگیریشده معنیدار نبود. | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of Sewage Sludge Application and Leaching on Soil Chemical Properties, Yield and Quality of Barley | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Sewage sludge can be utilized as one of the best and cheapest organic fertilizer in agriculture due to its organic and plant nutrient contents. However, the presence of potentially toxic heavy metals in some sludges can restrict its use in agricultural lands. A greenhouse study was conducted in the college of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, to investigate the effects of leaching and sewage sludge application on soil properties, yield and quality of barley. The experiment was carried out using a factorial arrangement with a completely randomized design with three replicates. Sewage sludge was applied at five levels of 0, 50, 100, 200 or 400 t ha-1 while leaching was performed at two levels of 0 and 10%. At the end of growing season, the soil and plant characteristics were assessed. Results showed that increase in sewage sludge application caused a significant (r0.05) increase in all the above mentioned soil characteristics except for the pH which showed a significant (r0.05) decrease. In the case of plant, sign of chlorosis was observed on barley leaves in treatments of 200 and 400 t ha-1 sewage sludge. Moreover, a significant (r0.05) increase in the concentration of Pb and Cd in leaves and stem of barley was indicated due to the increase in sludge application rate. However, the effect of sludge application on the 100 seed weight and plant aerials dry weight was not significant (r<0.05). The effect of leaching factor on soil characteristics was not significant (r<0.05) except on concentrations of Mg and Ca in soil solution. Leaching factor increased plant aerial dry weight significantly (r0.05), but had no effect on the 100 seed weight and concentrations of Pb and Cd. The interaction effects of sludge application rates and leaching levels were not significant. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Barley, heavy metals, Leaching, Sewage sludge, soil characteristics | ||
| مراجع | ||
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