| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,074 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,304 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 47,204,785 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,118,615 |
مدیریت کاربرد پتاسیم برای زراعت سیب زمینی در شرایط آب و خاک شور | ||
| مدیریت اراضی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 2، شماره 1، شهریور 1393، صفحه 1-16 اصل مقاله (472.84 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: فنی ترویجی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/lmj.2014.100080 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| امیرهوشنگ جلالی* | ||
| دکترای زراعت و عضو مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، محقق محصول سیب زمینی، سبزی و صیفی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کاهش کیفیت اراضی زراعی و آب آبیاری در چند سال گذشته در بسیاری از مناطق کشور مشهود بوده و مسلماً این تنش غیر زنده در آینده نیز از جمله چالش‌های پیش روی زراعت‌های مختلف خواهد بود. شوری آب و خاک و خسارت‌های ناشی از آن در کشاورزی از ابعاد مختلف قابل بررسی است. اختلالات فیزیولوژیک در جذب عناصر غذایی از جمله زیان‌های اصلی تجمع املاح محسوب می‌گردد. با توجه به تفاوت نیاز محصولات به عناصر غذایی مختلف، اهمیت مسئله شوری و تأثیر آن بر جذب عناصر غذایی نیز ممکن است به صورت‌های مختلف عنوان گردد. محصول سیب زمینی از جمله گیاهانی است که حتی در شوری‌های متوسط آب و خاک، با افت چشم گیر عملکرد مواجه می‌گردد. کاهش جذب و انتقال پتاسیم از جمله اصلی‌ترین دلایل نقصان عملکرد سیب زمینی در شرایط تنش شوری محسوب شده و روش‌های معمول استفاده از کودهای حاوی پتاسیم نیاز این گیاه به عنوان یک محصول پتاسیم دوست را تأمین نمی‌کند. شیوه محلول پاشی کودهای پتاسیم دار می‌تواند به عنوان یک رویکرد مناسب جهت تضمین تولید محصول سیب زمینی در شرایط تنش‌های متوسط شوری محسوب گردد. در مقاله حاضر با توجه به فیزیولوژی عملکرد سیب زمینی، علاوه بر بیان نقش پتاسیم در شکل گیری عملکرد سیب زمینی، مدیریت استفاده از این عنصر در شرایط تنش شوری مورد توجه قرار می‌گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| جذب؛ عملکرد؛ غده؛ محلول پاشی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Potassium Application Management for Potato Farming in Soil and Water Salinity Condition | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Amirhoushang Jalali | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Loss of arable land and irrigation water quality was evident in many parts of the country in recent years, and certainly this non-living stress will be one of the main challenges various crop will be confronted. Soil and water salinities’ effects on agricultural production can be studied from different aspects. Physiological disturbances in nutrients’ absorption are one of the main disadvantages of salt accumulation. Due to the different needs of crops to various nutrient elements, the importance of salinity and its impact on nutrient uptake may also be subject to different forms. Potato is sensitive to the soil and water salinity. Reduced uptake and transport of K is one of the main reasons for the decline of potato’s yield in the salt stress condition. Regarding this, conventional methods of K fertilizers application cannot fulfill high needs of this plant. Foliar K fertilizer application can be considered as an appropriate approach to ensure the production of potato in the medium salinity stress condition. Regarding potato’s physiology, role of K fertilizer in potato yield formation and its application management in saline condition will be reviewed in the current paper. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Adsorption, yield, Tuber, Foliar application | ||
| مراجع | ||
14. Ahmed, R., Z. Abdullah. 1979. Salinity induced changes in the growth and chemical composition of potato. Pak. J. Bot. 11: 103-112. 15. Akram, M.S. 2006. Influence of exogenously applied K from different sources on Sunflower under salt stress. University of Agric. Faisalabad, Pakistan. 16. Benlloch, M., M.A. Ojeda, J. Ramos, and A. Rodriguez-Navarro. 1994. Salt sensitivity and low discrimination between potassium and sodium in bean plants. Plant Soil. 166: 117-123. 17. Beringer, H., K. Koch, and M.G. Lindhauer .1990. Source: sink relationship in potato (Solanum tuberosum) as influenced by potassium chloride or potassium sulphate nutrition. Plant and Soil124:287-290. 18. Blodgett, E.C., and R.S. Synder .1946. Effect of alkali salts on shape and appearance of russet Burbank potatoes. Am. Potato J. 23:425-430. 19. Botella, M.A., V. Martinez, J. Pardines, and A. Cerda .1997. Salinity induced potassium deficiency in maize plants. J. Plant Physiol. 150: 200-205. 20. Cakmak I. 2005. The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168:521-530. 21. Cantisano, A. 2000. Wheat to use for foliar feeding pp:4-6, In: Growing for the market, ed, L. Byczynski, , Lawtence, KS: Fairplain Publications. 22. Elkhatib, H.A., E.A. Elkhatib, A.M. Khalaf Allah, and E. Elsharkawy. 2007. Yield Response of Salt-Stressed Potato to Potassium Fertilization: A Preliminary Mathematical Model. Journal of Plant Nutrition 27:111-122. 23. El-Sawy, B.I., E.A. Radawan, and N.A. Hassan .2000. Growth and yield of potato as affected by soil and foliar potassium application. J. Agric. Sci. Mansoura Univ. 25: 5843-5850. 24. Fageria, N.K. 2007. Soil fertility and plant nutrition research under field conditions: Basic principles and methodology. Journal of Plant Nutrition 30:203-223. 25. Fageria, N.K., and V.C. Baligar .1997. Response of common bean, upland rice, corn, wheat, and soybean to soil fertility of an Oxisols. J. Plant. Nutri.32:1279-1289. 26. Fageria, N.K., M.P. Barbosa Filho, A. Moreira, and C.M. Cuimaraes.2009. Foliar fertilization of crop plants. J. Plant. Nutri.32:1044-1064. 27. FAO .2000. Global network on integrated soil management for sustainable use of salt affected soils. Country species salinity issues, Iran. FAO, Rome, Available on http://www.fao,org/ag/agl/agll/spush/degrad.asp? 28. Fernie, A.R., and L. Willmitzer. 2001. Molecular and Biochemical Triggers of Potato Tuber Development. Plant Physiology 127:1459-1465. 29. Franke, W. 1967. Mechanisms of foliar penetration of solutions. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 18:281-300. 30. Fu, H.H., and S. Luan. 1998. A Dual-affinity K+ transporter from Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 10: 63-74. 31. Gettier, S.W., D.C. Martens, and T.B. Brumback. 1985. Timing of foliar manganese application for correction of manganese’s deficiency in soybeans. Agronomy J. 77: 627-629. 32. Gooding, M.J., and W.P. Davies. 1992. Foliar urea fertilization of cereals: A review. Fertilizer Res. 32:209-222. 33. Hermans, C., J.P. Hammond, P.J. White and N. Verbruggen. 2006. How do plants respond to nutrient shortage by biomass allocation? Trends Plant Sci. 11:610-617. 34. Grima, K., K.L. Martin, K.W. Freeman, J. Mosali, R.K. Teal, W.R. Raun, S.M. Moges, and D.B. Arnall .2007. Determination of optimum rate and growth for foliar applied phosphorus in corn. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 38:1137-1154. 35. Jabeen, R., and R. Ahmad. 2009. Alleviation of adverse effects of salt stress by foliar application of sodium antagonistic essential minerals on cotton. Pak. J. Botany 41:2199-2208. 36. Kant, S., and U. Kafkafi. 2002. Potassium and abiotic stresses in plants. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Rehovot, Israel. http://www. ipipotash.org. 37. Katerji, N., J.W.Van Hoorn, A. Hamdy, and M. Mastrorilli. 2003. Salinity effect on crop development and yield, analysis of salt tolerance according to several classification methods. Agric. Water Manage. 62:37-66. 38. Khrais, T., Y. Leclerc, and E. Donnelly. 1998. Relative salinity tolerance of potato cultivars assessed by in vitro screening. Amer. J. Potato Res. 75:207-210. 39. Kotuby-Amacher J., R. Koenig, and B .Kitchen .1997. Salinity and plant tolerance. Utah Univ. Exten. Logan Utah, 8pp. 40. Lester G.E. 2006. Environmental regulation of human health nutrients (ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, and folic acid) in fruits and vegetables. HortScience 41:59–64. 41. Levy, D. 1992. The response of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) to salinity: plant growth and tuber yields in the arid desert of Israel. Ann. Appl. Biol. 120:547-555. 42. Levy, D., J.E.A. Seabrooke, and S. Coleman .1993. Enhancement of tuberization of axillary shoot buds of potato cultivars cultured in vitro. J. Exp Bot. 44:381-386. 43. Marschner, P. 2012. Marschners mineral nutrition of higher plants. London Elsevier. 231 Pp. 44. Mass, E.V., and G.H. Hoffman. 1977. Crop salt tolerance- current assessment. American Society of Civil Engineers Proceedings Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Division 103:115-131. 45. Mengel, K. 2002. Alternative or complementary role of foliar supply in mineral nutrition. Acta Hortic. 59433-48. 46. Mengel, K., and E.A. Kirkby. 1987. Principles of plant nutrition. Forth edition, International Potash Institute, Worblaufen- Bern/Switzerland. 47. Michell, J.P., C. Shennan, M.J. Singer, D. Peters, R.O. Miller, T. Prichard, S.R. Grattan, J.D. Rhoades, D.M. May, and D. Munk .2000. Impacts of gypsum and winter cover crops on soil physical properties and crop productivity when irrigated with saline water. Agriculture and Water Management 45: 55-71. 48. Neumann, P. 1997. Salinity resistance and plant growth revisited. Plant Cell and Environ. 20:1193-1198. 49. Onderasek, G., D. Romic, Z. Rengel, M. Romic, and M. Zovoko. 2009. Cadmium accumulation by muskmelon under salt stress in contaminated organic soil. Sci. Tot. Environ. 407:2175-2182. 50. Pardo, J.M., B. Cubero, E.O. Leidi, and F.J. Quintero. 2006. Alkali cation exchangers: roles in cellular homeostasis and stress tolerance. J. Exp. Bot. 57:1181-1199. 51. Patrick, J.W., W.H. Zhang, S.D. Tyerman, C.E Offler, and N.A Walker. 2001. Role of membrane transport in phloem translocation of assimilates and water. Aus. J. Plant Physiol 28:695-707. 52. Qi, Z., and E.P. Spalding. 2004. Protection of plasma membrane K transport by the salt overly sensitive Na-H antiport during salinity stress. Plant Physiology 136:2548-2555. 53. Raman S.N., D. Desai, J.B. Solanaki, and S.M. Bhatt. 1986. The Na/K ratio as index of salt stress in rice culture. International Rice Research. Newsletter: 11:1- 30. 54. Ramani S. and S.K. Apte .1997. Transient expression of multiple genes in salinity-stressed young seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 233: 663-667. 55. Sasikala, D.P.P., and P.V.D. Prasad. 1994. Salinity effects on in vitro performance of some cultivars of potato. Brazilian J. Plant Physiol. 6:1-6. 56. Satyanarayana, V., and P.N. Arora .1985. Effect of nitrogen and potassium on yield and yield attributes of potato (var. Kufri Bahar).Indian Journal of Agronomy30: 292-295. 57. Sharma, R.C., and K.C. Sud. 2001. Potassium management for yield and quality of potato. Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla-171 001 (HP). http://www. ipipotash.org. 58. Sharma, U.C. and B.R. Arora. 1988. Calcium content of potato (Solanum tuberosum) plant as affected by potassium application. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 58:69-71. 59. Shaterian, J., D. Waterer, H. Jong, and K.K. Tanino. 2005. Differential stress responses to NaCl salt application in early and late maturing diploid potato clones. Environmental and Experimental Botany 54:202-212. 60. Singh, V.N. and S.P. Singh. 1995. Effect of potassium application on yield and yield attributes of potato. Journal of Potassium Research 11: 338-343. 61. Stengrobe, B., and N. Claassen. 2000. Potassium dynamics in the rhizosphere and K efficiency of crops. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 163:101-118. 62. Storey R., and R.G. Wyn Jones .1978. Salt stress and comparative physiology in the Gramineae. 1. Ion relations of two salt- and water-stressed barley cultivars, California Mariout and Arimar. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 5: 801-816. 63. Tisdale, S.L., W.L. Nelson, and J.D. Beaton. 1985. Soil fertility and Fertilizers, 4th ed. New York: Macmillan. 64. Trehan S.P., and R.C. Sharma .2002. Potassium uptake efficiency of young plants of three potato cultivars as related to root and shoot parameters. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal 33:13-18. 65. Van Hoorn, J.W., N. Katerji, A. Hamdy, and M. Mastrorilli.1993. Effect of saline water on soil salinity and on water, stress, growth and yield of wheat and potatoes. Agric. Water Manage. 23:247-265. 66. Vreugdenhil, D., J. Bradshaw, C. Gebhardt, F. Govers, K.L.L. Mackerron, M.A. Taylor and H.A. Ross. 2007. Potato biology and biotechnology. Advances and perspectives. First edition Elsevier Ltd. 823pp. 67. Wang, S., W. Zheng, J. Ren, and C. Zhang. 2002. Selectivity of various types of salt-resistant plants for K over Na. J. Arid Environ. 52:457-472. 68. Weimberg R., H.R. Lerner, and A. Poljakoff-Mayber. 1982. A relationship between potassium and proline accumulation in salt-stressed Sorghum bicolor. Physiologia Plantarum 55: 5-10. 69. Zhu J.K. 2003. Regulation of ion homeostasis under salt stress. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 6: 441–445. 70. Zhu, J.K. 2001. Plant salt tolerance. Trends in Plant Science 6:66-71. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,306 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 3,836 |
||